摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present cross‐sectional study was to radiologically investigate the continuous eruption process in the deciduous dentition by assessing the difference in the width of radiologically‐defined attached gingiva (RAG) in 6‐year‐old and 10‐year‐old children. The group of 6‐year‐olds had predominantly deciduous teeth and the 10‐year‐olds were in their mixed dentition period. The mucogingival junction was revealed with Schiller's iodine solution and marked mid‐labially along the long axis of each tooth with a piece of metal wire prior to taking panoramic radiographs. The width of RAG over deciduous canines and molars was measured from the cementoenamel junction to the mucogingival junction. A significant increase in the width of RAG was found from

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01791.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPatients with cervical dentine exposures do not always complain of dentine hypersensitivity. The identification of morphological features connected to symptoms is important for both prevention and management of dentine hyper‐sensitivity. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the dentine ultrastructure and clinical symptoms in patients with cervical dentine exposures. Replica models for a total of 28 teeth (from 10 patients) with cervical non caroius lesions and dentine exposures were obtained before and after acid etching. The replica models were studied blindly in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). 12 of these were classified clinically as hypersensitive and 16 as non‐sensitive. Because of the morphological heterogeneity of all specimens, a grid was used to isolate smaller, more homogeneous areas. 120 (75 non‐sensitive and 45 hypersensitive areas) grid areas randomly selected from the 28 dentine surfaces were analyzed. The presence and morphology (amorphous or crystalline) of smear layers and the density and diameter of dentine tubules were recorded. The %2 test was used for statistical analysis. In unetehed specimens, the surfaces classified as non‐sensitive were frequently coated by an amorphous smear layer (88.0 %) and occasionally by a crystalline smear layer (2.7%). Only a few and narrow tubules were observed (9.3%). On the other hand, the unetehed specimens of the hypersensitive dentine exhibited less frequently (3l.3%) an amorphous smear layer. The presence of crystalline smear layer (33.3%), many and wider patent tubules and, sometimes, loss of intertubular dentine manifested as grooves between tubules, were observed (35.6%). The differences were significant (p<.00l). In hypersensitive dentine, the acid etching always removed the smear layer whereas removal in non‐sensitive dentine was partial or absent. These morphological findings underline the role of smear layer in reducing permeability of dentine in patients with dentine se

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01792.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe objective of this study was to correlate the levels of 2 putative markers of bone metabolism, namely osteocalcin and pyridinoline cross‐linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). to the progression of experimental alveolar bone loss in the beagle dog, 36 control sites and 36 experimental sites in 2 beagle dogs were assessed longitudinally at 2‐week intervals for gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) osteocalcin and ICTP levels during a 6‐month observation period. Analysis of osteocalcin and ICTP in GCF was performed by RIA. During the study, bone‐seeking radiopharmaceutical uptake (BSRU) of99mTc‐MDP was assessed monthly; standardized radiographs were taken al 2‐week intervals. The results showed osteocalcin and ICTP levels in GCF increased significantly (p<0.05) by 2 weeks following initiation of disease. This increase preceded significant increases in BSRU by 2 weeks and radiographic evidence of bone loss by 4 weeks, BSRU was significantly elevated (p<0.05) at experimental sites as compared to controls at 4 and 8 weeks post‐disease initiation. Osteocalcin in GCF peaked 8 and 10 weeks after ligature placement in experimental sites at levels nearly 10‐fold greater than contralateral paired control sites. ICTP levels in GCF remained elevated throughout the entire disease progression phase. Following the removal of ligatures, both GCF ostocalcin and ICTP levels dropped precipitously approaching control values. Osteocalcin revealed overall a positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for future bone loss during disease progression of 0.87 and 0.34. respectively, while ICTP showed both high PPV and NPV of 0.87 and 0.91 respectively. Results from this study in the dog model indicate that osteocalcin and especially ICTP relate to indices of active periodontal bony destruction and suggest that these molecules may serve as predictive markers for future alv

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01793.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the present study, data from more than 550 periodontally diseased patients with more than 1100 furcation invasions were retrospectively analysed. There were apparent differences in the distribution of different furcation degrees in patient populations treated by 2 differently experienced operators. However, treatment modality patterns were rather similar. Scaling during periodontal flap surgery was the most often performed treatment procedure in degree I (97–98%) and II (75–83%) involvements. About 44% of degree III involved teeth were extracted. In order to determine the influence of degree of furcation involvement, tooth type and operator variability on treatment modality, logistic regression analysis was applied. Degree of furcation involvement was an important indicator variable in all models, Scaling as a sole measure was mainly performed in relation to degree I of furcation involvement. With every increase in degree, the odds of scaling decreased by factor 12.7. The odds ofroot resectionwas upper 1st molars 46x higher than in wisdom teeth or lower 2nd molars with the same degree of involvement, but only 3.3x higher than in lower 1st molars.Tunnel preparationas well asregenerative procedureswere mainly confined to lower molars. Operator variability was only introduced as a covariate in theextractionmodel. Hence, despite of different operator skill and severity of periodontal disease in treated populations, decision for one or the other treatment modality seems to depend essentially on degree of furcation involvement as well as tooth t

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluated intra‐ and inter‐examiner reproducibility for a conventional manual probe versus a computer‐interfaced force‐controlled periodontal probe. 2 examiners recorded probing depths (PD) and relative attachment levels (AL) at 1128 sites in 15 periodontal maintenance patients. Each site was evaluated 2x, 7 to 10 days apart by both examiners. Probing force for the electronic probe was 15 g. PD intra‐examiner reproducibility (within ± 1.0 mm) for shallow sites (PD3 mm) was 98.6% versus 91.5% for the conventional versus the electronic probe for examiner 1 and 98.5% versus 88.7% for examiner 2. Corresponding values for deeper sites (PD>3 mm) were 96.4% versus 85.9% for examiner 1 and 95.1% versus 77.0% for examiner 2. Generally, AL intra‐examiner reproducibility was 1 to 3% lower than for PD. PD inter‐examiner reproducibility (within ±1.0 mm) was 99.2% versus 90.7% for the conventional versus the electronic probe, respectively, for shallow sites and 95.4% versus 76.9% for deeper sites. AL inter‐examiner reproducibility (within ± 1.0 mm) was 1 to 5% lower than for PD. Both intra‐ and inter‐examiner reproducibility was higher for anterior than for posterior sites. Mean PD and AL were similar for both examiners. However, the electronic probe consistently recorded 0.1 to 0.2 mm higher values than the conventional probe. Standard deviations indicated a greater variability for electronic than for manual probing. The results suggest that intra‐ and inter‐examiner reproducibility may not necessarily be higher with an electronic, force‐controlled periodontal probe than with

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStaining of teeth and mucous membranes is a well‐known side‐effect with chlorhexidine mouthrinses in which dietary chromogens play an important role. The purpose of (his study was to determine whether a co‐polymer anti‐adhesive agent would prevent staining by a low concentration chlorhexidine solution. Additionally, the possibility that an essential oil/phenolic rinse product may cause staining was investigated. The rinses studied were the anti‐adhesive alone and combined with 0.02% chlorhexidine and the essential oil/phenolic rinse. These were positioned against a positive control rinse, 0.2% chlorhexidine and a negative control rinse, water. The study was a single blind 5‐treatment randomised Latin square cross‐over design, incorporating balance for carry‐over effects. 15 volunteers participated and on Day 1 of each study period were rendered stain free by scaling and polishing of the teeth. Oral hygiene was suspended and 8x per day subjects rinsed under supervision, firstly with the allocated formulation and then with 10 ml of warm black tea. On Day 4, tooth and tongue staining was scored by area and intensity (colour). A washout period of at least 31/2 days was permitted between treatment periods when oral hygiene was resumed. Before the study and during washouts, volunteers practised tongue brushing. Tooth and tongue staining was significantly increased with 0.2% chlorhexidine compared to the essential oil/phenolic rinse which in turn was significantly increased compared to the other 3 rinses. The antiadhesive/chlorhexidine rinse produced no more staining than the anti‐adhesive or water rinse. However, the parallel plaque re‐growth study suggests this inhibition of staining resulted from the vitiation of the chlorhexidine activity by the antiadhesive. The methodology would appear a simple and quick way of assessing the propensity of mouthrinses to cause

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01796.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inhibition of bacterial attachment to the tooth surface is one possible approach to plaque control. This study evaluated in vivo the plaque inhibitory action of a novel copolymer reported to have considerable antiadhesive properties in vitro. The study was a single blind. 5‐treatment. randomised Latin square crossover design, incorporating balance for carry‐over effects. The rinses were the antiadhesive (1%), the antiadhesive with 0.02% chlorhexidine, a 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse product, an essential oil/phenolic rinse product and water. 15 volunteers participated and on day 1 of each study period were rendered plaque‐free, ceased toothcleaning and rinsed 2x daily. under supervision, with the allocated formulation. On day 5, plaque was scored by index and area. Washout periods were 21/2 days. Alone or combined with chlorhexidine, the antiadhesive agent showed no effects greater than water. The chlorhexidine rinse was significantly more effective than the essential oil/phenolic rinse which in turn was significantly more effective than the other r

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01797.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNeutrophil elastase (NE) was measured in crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from 3 subject groups. GCF was harvested at a single visit of subjects with periodontal health (n=21) and with periodontitis (n=28). Samples were obtained from 132 middle‐aged, middle‐class health conscious patients of a health maintenance organization (HMO) at baseline and 1 year later. GCF NE was higher in periodontitis than in health. Mean GCF NE of HMO subjects was much closer to health than to periodontitis. Few members of the HMO population had enzyme levels typical of periodontitis. Subjects and sites of the HMO population were segregated into 3 categories based on enzyme levels of the healthy and periodontitis subjects. Most HMO subjects and sites were in the activity category corresponding to healthy subjects. Only a small portion were in the activity category common in periodontitis. Enzyme levels in the highest activity category at both samplings were infrequent. High enzyme levels in the HMO population were not associated with attachment loss. Thus, assay of GCF NB provided little evidence of disease in a middle‐aged, middle‐class health conscious general population. This finding confirms an analysis of epidemiological surveys which concluded that a population such as studied here would not benefit from periodontal diagnostic

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01798.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether phenytoin (PHT) could be detected in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and to relate its concentration to both plasma level and degree of gingival overgrowth. 23 patients medicated with phenytoin for at least 6 months were clinically examined for signs of periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth. 12 patients out of these demonstrated clinically significant overgrowth and their plaque scores and gingival inflammation were greater than for the non‐overgrowth group (p<0.001). Phenytoin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and was detected in GCF. There was a significant correlation between the GCF and plasma phenytoin concentrations (p<0.05), but it was not related to the extent of gingival overgrowth. Inflammation increased the GCF volume, but was not a determinant of GCF phenytoin concentration. It is concluded that effusion of phenytoin into GCF is regulated by the plasma levels of the drug, but its concentration in GCF is not related to the incidence of gingival overgrowt

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01799.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to monitor the clinical and microbiological effects of non‐surgical therapy in smokers and non‐smokers. The subject material included 32 patients (age range 32–61 years), 11 men and 21 women with moderate to severe periodontitis. 17 patients were smokers ( l5 cigarettes/day) and 15 non‐smokers. All patients were subjected to non‐surgical periodontal therapy performed by a dental hygienist. Periodontal variables (plaque index, gingival index and probing depth) were registered and bacterial samples were collected before and 2 months alter treatment. The treatment resulted in significant reductions towards very low plaque and gingival indices in smokers and non‐smokers alike (p<0.05). Although probing depth was reduced in both smokers and non‐smokers, the probing pocket depth reduction was significantly smaller in smokers than non‐smokers (p<0.05). Microbiologically, the same therapeutical efficacy was attained in both smoking groups, indicating an almost total eradication ofActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitansandPorphyromonas gingivalis.ConcerningPrevotella intermedia, out of 14 smokers and 10 non‐smokers positive at baseline, 9 and 5, respectively, remained positive after treatment. The results suggest a less favourable clinical outcome of non‐surgical therapy in smokers than non‐smokers in spite of the fact that the therapy was equally effective with regard to reducing the alleged periopathogensA. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingi

ISSN:0303-6979    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01800.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY