摘要:

Real‐time non‐contact high‐accuracy measurements of small components are realized by utilizing diffraction pattern theory. High‐speed line scan CCD (charge‐coupled device) sensors, coupled with a microcomputer system with specialized hardware allow the implementation of a polynomial least squares curve fitting algorithm for the analysis of diffraction pattern data. Simulation has been used to determine accuracy requirements of the system when used in a practical situation.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200401

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Let Q denote the unit square, [0,1] X [0,1]. Problem 1: Given two random points in Q what is the probability that the line determined by these two points will intersect two adjacent sides of Q? Problem 2: Given four random points in Q what is the probability that the quadrilateral determined by these four points is convex? A theoretical answer to the first problem is obtained and confirmed by computer simulation. An answer to the second problem is obtained by computer simulation.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200402

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A survey of nearly fifteen hundred General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level (GCE O‐level) answer papers selected from eight countries was carried out and the erroneous answers to selected questions were recorded. Amongst those questions examined was one which concerned probability, and the findings are reported here. When the question involved a single event the success rate of the candidates was high, but as soon as the situation involved a multiple event the success rate was very low. A number of erroneous strategies were noted to alert researchers to the need to discover their root cause.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200403

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this self‐contained expository paper it is shown that Martin's axiom implies the non‐existence of a Suslin Tree and Jensen's axiom implies the existence of a Suslin Tree. Thus, Suslin's Hypothesis is independent of and consistent with ZFC.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200404

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper proposes the use of distance education courses purchased from other institutions as one means by which external degree programmes can be established. One particular feature is that both the assessment material and academic standards are taken from the ‘home’ institutions.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200405

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The half reaction method of balancing chemical equations has severe disadvantages compared to alternative methods. It is difficult to define a half reaction exactly, and thus to define a corresponding mathematical concept. Furthermore, existence and uniqueness proofs of the solutions (balanced chemical equations) require advanced mathematics. Thus the method demands chemical rote learning instead of general reasoning. Therefore, it is not expedient as a method of balancing chemical equations, and it gives a poor ‘explanation’ of the oxidation number balancing method.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200406

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The educational values inherent in teaching estimation in schools have not been much emphasized in the past. Perhaps these values are not noticed by teachers. In fact, the topic has not been given thorough consideration in school Mathematics. As current research findings show, estimation abilities of high (or secondary) school students are very low. Meaningful estimation instruction is therefore encouraged as this enhances some mathematical abilities and judgement in daily activities.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200407

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper the concept of an extension subset is introduced. Some operations of an extension subset are studied, the concept of an extension algebra is presented, and fuzzy algebra is proved to be isomorphic to a proper subalgebra of an extension algebra.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200408

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The central concern of the philosophy of mathematics is to give an account of the nature of mathematics. Views of the nature of mathematics are particularly important in the teaching of mathematics, where they can strongly influence the mathematics curriculum as taught to pupils. However, the distinction must be drawn between stated beliefs as to the nature of mathematics and views as inferred from actual classroom practice. In mathematics education there is increasing emphasis on the process (as opposed to the product) view of mathematics. This orientation is snared by a new wave in the philosophy of mathematics, represented in the works of Imre Lakatos, which rejects the traditional product orientation of the philosophy of mathematics for deep philosophical reasons. Thus there is a growing school of thought in the philosophy of mathematics which is able to account for the nature of mathematics in a way which is fruitful for the philosophers, educationists, teachers and students of mathematics alike.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200409

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article aims to describe a number of software tools designed for the preparation of computer‐aided learning materials (CAL) in mathematics. The CALM Project, based in the Mathematics Department of the Heriot‐Watt University in Edinburgh, is one of the projects currently receiving funding from the Computer Board of the United Kingdom as part of the Computers in Teaching Initiative within British universities. This paper will explain the features of software design favoured by the CALM Project team and it will deal not only with CAL in mathematics but also with CAL in general. The CALM Project provides a practical example of software development in the programming language of Pascal within an educational environment.

ISSN:0020-739X    

DOI:10.1080/0020739890200410

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor