摘要:

In monitoring alcoholism treatment for its employees, United Technologies Corporation concluded that additional levels of treatment alternatives were needed. In a five-year period the average length of alcoholism treatment doubled and costs per patient tripled without improving treatment outcome. In addition, certain clinical needs of some employees and their families were not best served by inpatient treatment. Analysis of the first year outcome of a day treatment program indicates that day treatment provides an effective alternative method for alcoholism treatment. Day treatment proves to be effective both as a first treatment intervention and in instances of relapse.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A historical prospective cohort mortality study was conducted for a cohort of 6,588 white male employees of a Texas petrochemical plant because of a suspected increased incidence of malignant brain tumors. Mortality experience from 1941 to 1977 was determined and compared with that of the general U.S. white male population adjusting for age and time period. Overall and cause-specific standardized mortality ratios were calculated for various subgroups of the population defined by length of employment, latency and payroll status. Significant deficits in total cohort mortality were found for all causes of death, all circulatory diseases, all respiratory diseases and all digestive diseases. Although not statistically significant, fewer deaths were observed (O) than expected (E) for all malignant neoplasms. No statistically significant excess of malignant brain tumors was found in the overall plant population (O/E = 12/7.42 = 1.62). A borderline significant excess of brain cancer deaths was found among hourly employees with more than six months' employment based on 10 observed and five expected deaths. This excess was observed to occur among elderly employees (over 55 years) and in later follow-up years (post-1970). Risk did not appear to be related to length of employment. Because of the nature of the problem that prompted this study, the small number of cases involved and the lack of a suspect agent in the plant that could have produced this excess, insufficient evidence was found to conclude that these tumors were occupationally related.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The relationship between chemical exposures and deaths attributable to primary brain tumors among employees of a Texas petrochemical plant was investigated. Cases consisted of 21 deaths in which the underlying cause was confirmed as a primary brain tumor. Two control groups of 80 employees each were randomly selected from 450 decedents known to the company in June, 1979. Potential exposures while employed were compared between cases and controls for five known or suspect carcinogens. Exposure potentials were also compared for an additional 37 chemicals to which at least four cases were potentially exposed. Overall and 15-year latency analyses were performed. The proportion of cases exposed to the five potentially carcinogenic chemicals (including vinyl chloride) were lower than or consistent with the proportion of exposed controls. No statistically significant differences between the proportions of cases and controls exposed to the 37 other chemicals were found.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Editor's Note: Dr. Enterline was invited to prepare this editorial on four epidemiological studies dealing with the occurrence of brain tumors in two Texas chemical plants. His comments were solicited to provide an analysis of the approaches used, to point out some of the factors to be considered in conducting such studies, and to discuss interpretation of results from such studies.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1983

数据来源: OVID