ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Numerous occupational studies of cancer risks related to agriculture, agricultural practices, and agricultural exposures have been conducted among male farmers and farmworkers. Relatively few studies of female farmers and farmworkers have been conducted. Excesses of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, soft tissue sarcoma, and cancers of the breast, ovary, lung, bladder, cervix, and sinonasal cavities have been observed in women in agriculture or with agricultural exposures. Agents that contribute to ill health in exposed men may also affect exposed women, sometimes in unexpected ways.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Agricultural Health Study is a collaborative effort involving the National Cancer Institute, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. A goal of this investigation is to establish a large cohort of men and women that can be followed prospectively for 10 years or more to evaluate the role of agricultural exposures in the development of cancer, neurologic disease, reproductive difficulties, childhood developmental problems, and other chronic diseases. The study also will provide an opportunity to assess the role that diet, cooking methods, and other lifestyle factors have on the cause of cancer and other diseases. The cohort will be composed of approximately 112,000 adult study subjects, including 42,000 women, making this one of the largest cohorts of women ever assembled for an epidemiologic investigation of environmental and occupational exposures. Children of farm families also will be enrolled. The study will be conducted in Iowa and North Carolina. Enrollment will begin in December 1993 and continue for 3 years.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article summarizes published data on employment and cancer patterns in the motor vehicle manufacturing (MVM) industry and presents results from a new study of female MVM workers. Historically, female MVM employees worked primarily in aerospace; electric and electronic equipment manufacturing; and paint, plastic, and trim operations. Women are now moving into vehicle assembly and metal parts production. Investigations of cancer have focused on men and reported excesses of lung cancer in foundry operations, of gastrointestinal cancer in metal processing operations involving exposure to machining fluids, and of colorectal cancer in wood pattern making. Numbers of women were insufficient for a meaningful evaluation of their cancer patterns. A recent study found that white women employed at a MVM company, compared to the female general US population, had small excesses of lung cancer (standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.96–1.63) and of colorectal cancer (SMR = 1.27, 95% CI = 0.87–1.78) and a deficit of breast cancer (SMR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48–0.92). The lung cancer increase was concentrated among women in assembly jobs (SMR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.07–2.26); the colorectal cancer increase, among women in nonproduction jobs (SMR = 1.78, 95% CI = 0.97–2.98); and the breast cancer deficit, among women in production-related jobs (SMR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.37–0.91). Further investigation is needed to determine if these patterns are due to the occupational environment and to clarify causes of cancer among women in the MVM industry.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article presents the preliminary results of a follow-up study (1950–1992) of 1,146 subjects (person-years = 30,954; 23,055 for women) receiving compensation for mercury poisoning. In a province of Tuscany in central Italy, severe exposure to mercury occurred during fur hat production. A deficit in all causes of mortality was observed in both sexes, whereas mortality due to cancer was slightly higher than expected. Mortality from stomach cancer was significantly elevated for men and women. A significant excess of lung cancer was observed in women only. Whereas the excess of stomach cancer probably reflects elevated rates in the study area rather than exposure to mercury, the excess of lung cancer mortality does appear to be related to mercury exposure. Smoking habits or other exposures at work do not seem to explain the excess of lung cancer.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID