ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The present study was undertaken to find out whether there was an excess of cancer mortality from causes other than angiosarcoma of the liver among a group of workers heavily exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). The mortality of 451 workers exposed to VCM for more than five years was compared with that of 870 workers from the same company who had not been exposed to VCM. The relative risk for digestive cancer was significantly higher than 1 (6.25, confidence interval 2.69 to 14.52) in the exposed group. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for digestive cancer was also higher (SMR 259.26 p<0.01) than that of the general population. No other cancer was in excess. Since the exposed workers are known to have had a cigarette smoking experience similar to that of those who were not exposed, it is concluded that the association between lung cancer and VCM exposure, if present, is indeed rather small.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This report describes mortality occurring between 1940 and mid-1978 among 29,087 men and women employed in a rubber plant for at least two years. Mortality patterns for the period July 1, 1974, to July 1, 1978, were compared to previously published findings for January 1,1940, through June 30, 1974. Expected numbers of deaths were based on U.S. general population mortality data. There were excess deaths from bladder cancer and leukemia among white male union members during both follow-up periods. During recent follow-up of white male union members employed for at least five years, there were excesses in deaths from three additional cancers: esophageal cancer (11 observed/4.8 expected), biliary and liver cancer (6 observed/3.3 expected) and lymphoma and multiple myeloma (14 observed/5.8 expected). Evidence from other studies of rubber workers suggests that observed excesses in deaths from bladder cancer and leukemia are related to workplace exposures. The present findings suggest that occupational exposures etiologically relevant to these diseases may not have been reduced in recent years or that sufficient time has not elapsed for such reductions to result in decreased mortality. Further investigation is required to clarify the contribution of occupational factors to observed excesses in deaths from cancers of the esophagus and the biliary passages and liver and from lymphoma and multiple myeloma.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Concern regarding adverse effects of occupational exposures on the reproductive health of workers is increasing. Several sociopolitical and legal issues influence both the regulation of worker exposure and the ability to study exposure and possible reproductive effects. Adverse reproductive outcomes that may be related to occupational exposure are discussed and some of the possible mechanisms of action are explored. Epidemiologic approaches to the study of reproductive hazards of the workplace are considered and illustrated in this paper.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Preliminary data showing over-representation of the Eastman Kodak Company (Rochester) on death certificates of brain tumor patients, and higher risk for older workers when compared to the general population, led to a case-control epidemiologic study. Chemical exposure histories of 56 workers with brain tumors were compared with those of other Kodak employees. No differences were found in exposure to a variety of chemicals. In addition, employees with brain tumors were compared to other upstate New York brain tumor patients; there was no difference in histology. However, the Kodak employees had diagnoses more frequently confirmed by histologic examination and more thorough diagnostic studies. Thus, the apparent initial excess of diagnosed tumors may have resulted from a “diagnostic sensitivity bias”arising from more complete medical evaluation of Kodak employees.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID