ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the present study, 187 workers at two US paint manufacturing plants were assessed for symptoms of painters syndrome using the Zung Depression Index, Scandinavian Questionnaire 16, and the Present State Exam. No significant associations were found between solvent exposure and total scores, although a sum of individual questions related to depression on the Present State Exam was found to be related to both health status and exposure. The clinical relevance of these findings is discussed. Overall, exposure was not associated with the constellation of symptoms characteristic of the painters' syndrome.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Case reports and chart reviews of patients asserting environmental illness suggest that they suffer from psychiatric difficulties, typically somatization disorder. We assert that viewing these patients solely as somatizers or hysterical characters searching for a nurturant relationship will undermine the doctor-patient relationship. Rather, many of these patients are obsessive/paranoid characters searching for a medical explanation to their physical symptoms. This distinction is highlighted by contrasting the clinical presentations of hysteric/somatizing patients with those environmental illness patients demonstrating an obsessive/paranoid style. Further illustration is provided by a case report with psychological test data. Finally, treatment recommendations based upon this distinction are delineated.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Abuse of nitrous oxide (N2O) while on the job caused at least 11 deaths in 1984 to 1987, as found in investigations by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and in reports to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Although nitrous oxide has had a reputation as a “clean and safe” analgesic and anesthetic, the possibility of asphyxiation by inhalation is not widely recognized, and there are no requirements for warning labels on nonmedical sources of N2O.The 11 deaths involved recreational inhalation of N2O by young male employees from tanks or cylinders normally used for legitimate business purposes. In six cases, the victims worked in food serving establishments and inhaled N2O that was used to power whipped cream dispensers.Commercial users of N2O, particularly in the restaurant industry, should be aware of this hazard. Warning labels for N2O sources and tighter control over supplies are warranted.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The prevalence of hypertension and mean blood pressure was studied in 150 white men and 119 black men exposed to industrial noise of 85 dBA or greater for a minimum of 5 years. Mean decibel loss at 4000 Hz was 28.3 among the black workers and 45.3 among the white workers. 31.9%of the black men and 22.0% of the white men had hypertension, defined as diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm Hg and/or currently taking hypertensive medication. After controlling for several potential confounding factors, hearing loss at 4000 Hz and years worked in high-noise departments were significantly associated with mean blood pressure and hypertension among the black workers. No correlation between mean blood pressure or the presence of hypertension and hearing loss at 4000 Hz or years worked in high-noise departments was found among the white workers.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The present study assessed the relationships among occupational noise exposure, noise-induced hearing loss, and high blood pressure. The study population consisted of 245 retired metal assembly workers from Pittsburgh aged 56 to 68 with chronic noise exposure of 30 or more years at ≥89 dBA. Results of the audiometric testing indicated 52% of the younger workers (ages 56 to 63) have severe noise-induced hearing loss (≥65 dBA loss at 3, 4, or 6 kHz) and 67% of older workers (ages 64 to 68). Body mass index and alcohol intake were significantly related to systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Among older men, there was a marginally significant increased prevalence of high blood pressure (≥90 mm diastolic or taking blood pressure medicine) among those with severe noise-induced hearing loss (P = .05). Moreover, another measure of hearing loss at high frequencies, speech discrimination score in noise (measured in the better ear), referred to as the W-22 MAX score, was also found to be related to the prevalence of high blood pressure in the older (64 to 68) age group (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis revealed W-22 MAX and severe noise-induced hearing loss were independent predictors of hypertension in the older, but not in the younger group of retired workers.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Injuries account for more than 90% of the reported work-related health problems in the United States. However, a complete and standardized reporting system for occupational injuries does not exist in this country. This paper describes the first year's experience of a clinic-based occupational injury surveillance system involving occupational medicine clinics. During 1988, health and hazard information was collected on 14156 work-related admissions. An analysis of these cases showed that most patients received care for minor trauma, with 78.4% of the cases classified as cuts or lacerations, sprains or strains, or contusions. Overall, 53.8% of the cases were caused by metal items, boxes, machines, or working surfaces. These preliminary results support the feasibility of conducting clinic-based occupational injury surveillance as a means of assisting employers with the control of work-related conditions.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We compared the jobs, estimates of exposures, and mortality experience of short-term (≤1 year) and long-term (>1 year) workers from nine plants producing formaldehyde or formal-dehyde products. There were few jobs that were filled solely or primarily by newly hired workers. The estimated median level of formaldehyde exposure experienced by short-term workers on their first job was nearly identical to that for long-term workers, although short-term workers were more likely to be in jobs exposed to particulates than were long-term workers. As duration of employment increased, there was little change in the average estimated exposure level of formaldehyde, but the likelihood of being exposed to particulates decreased. Short-term workers had greater risks than long-term workers of dying from diseases of the circulatory system, arteriosclerotic heart disease, emphysema, diseases of the digestive system, cirrhosis of the liver, motor vehicle accidents, suicide, and malignant neoplasms, particularly cancers of the stomach, colon, lung, prostate, and brain.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of bronchial asthma induced by occupational exposure to alkyl cyanoacrylate, an adhesive, occurred in an assembly operation. Provocative exposure testing induced immediate and delayed asthmatic responses. Alkyl cyanoacrylate seemed to act as an allergen or as an irritant, resulting in the development of asthma.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID