ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Alcohol abuse is a major public health problem among physicians. To assess the extent of alcohol abuse among house staff physicians. the self-administered version of the Michigan Alcoholism Scereenig Test was mailed to each of the 417 house staff physicians at the Presbyterian Hospital in the City of New York at the Presbyterian Hospital in the city of New York at the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. There was a 45% response rate. Of the respondents, 12.7% had scores that indicated either suspicion or presumption of alcoholism. Alcohol abuse among house staff physicians is an occupational hazard that needs to be addressed through preventive and treatment programs.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case-control studyof a heavily asbestos-exposed group was performed to determine if obstructive airway disorder is an independent risk factor for developing asbestos-associated malignacies. From a group of 1,500 asbestos workers who had previously undergone careful evaluation, 18 case employees were identified. Each case employee ws matched by smoking status, pack-years, age, and years of asbestos exposure to a single referent, a member of the same exposed population known to be free of malignancy. The spirometry results, obtained pior to the clinical manifestation of the cancer, were compared. The FEV1/FVC raio and the FEV1/ height3ratio were lower (P < .05 P < .10 respectively) in the case employees. These results suggest that obstructive airway disease maybe an independent risk factor for cancer.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although a general decline in the prevalence of duodenal ulcer disease during the past 20 to 30 years has been noticed by many authors from different countries, it still lacks a clear explanation. In the present paper a relationship between occupational work load and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease was examined in order to test the hypothesis that ulcer prevalence might be related to occupational work load. The number of disability pensions granted to West German employees between 1979 and 1983 due to gastric and duodenal ulcers served as markers of peptic ulcer morbidity and were used to analyze the relationship between occupation and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease. In men, there was a linear correlation between the energy expenditure of different occupations and the occurrence of duodenal ulcer, but not gastric ulcer, additional factors related to occupational energy expenditure are relevant for the development of peptic ulceration. The decline of duodenal ulcer in Europe and the United States might be related to the general decline in the work load due to automation during the past 20 to 30 years. The relationship between energy expenditure and duodenal ulcer may also help to explain way the disease affects men two to three time more often than women.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The overall the cause-specific mortality experience of male radiologists and a comparable group of medical specialists, pathologists, who were included in the Radiation Registry of Physicians, is presented. The study population consists of an early-entry cohort of physicians who were members of either the American College of Radiology or the College of American Patholigists as of Jan 1, 1962, and a late-entry cohort of similar members who joined these societies between January 1962, and June 1972. The purpose of the study was to deterjine if occupational exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation resulted in excess mortality from al causes and specific causes, or decreased survival patterns or radiologists compard with patholigists over the 16-yuear period, 1962 to 1977. The data revealed that radiologists and pathologists were comprable regarding overall mortality experience for all entrants, the early-entry cohort, and the late-entry cohort. Further analyses revealed a gradient in mortality between the two specialties, with the largest differences in the earliest birth subcohorts for all three groups, and a significant excess in mortality among radilogists in those subcohorts of the late-entry cohort born before 1920. Such a gradient may indicate an exposure effect associated with time of entry into a professional society. Nevertheless, overall age-specific and age-adjusted mortality rates among radiologists and pathologists were lower in the late-entry cohort compared with the early-entry cohort, thus indicating some effect of the time of entry within each specialty. Although there were too few deaths to permit analysis of specific causes of death for the late-entry cohort, such analyses for all entrants, the early-entry cohort, and those born before 1920 revealed no significant differences regarding major causes of death between radiologists and pathologists. A marginal excess (P < .10) of circulatory diseases was noted among radiologists born before 1920. further analyses of specific systems revealed a significant excess of chronic lung disease among pathologists in the early-entry cohort and for those born before 1920.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

All fatal workplace accidents occurring in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania in 1983 and 1984 were investigated for cause of accident, preventability, type of industry, number of employees, and the involvement of alcohol or drugs. Approximately 40% of these accidents were not within the jurisdiction of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and therefore were not reported to or investigated by OSHA. Resulted in one or more citations, and all but one accident was found in only one victim. Nearly 80% of the fewer than 100 employees.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID