ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The Occupational Medical Forum presents questions of general interest received by the AOMA Committee on Occupational Medical Practice. Answers usually are prepared by the Committee, representing the composite best judgment of its members. Such replies do not necessarily represent an official position of the American Occupational Medical Association. In some cases, the responses will be prepared at the Committee's request by consultants with special qualifications in specific fields. Questioners are not named. Readers who wish to submit questions to the Committee should address inquiries to: Committee on Occupational Medical Practice, American Occupational Medical Association, 150 N. Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60606.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The production of pharmaceuticals containing estrogen began in k1933 in the Netherlands Though these products meet high standards, the question remain whether the safety of the production worker is sufficiently guaranteed. The present study showed statistically significant differences between exposed and unexposed groups in free testosterone and sex-hormone-binding globulin. A subgroup of the exposed workers selected for low total testosterone had low concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and luteinizing hormone [LH] in blood serum. Although the consequences for health are not exactly known, the effects seem undesirable. A new control for containment of these potent chemicals is required and longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term health effects of occupational exposure to low doses of estrogens.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tetrachloroethane was used by the Army during World War II in the impregnation of clothing for protection against mustard gas. Thirty-nine chemical processing companies were formed: ten used tetrachloroethane as a solvent for the clothing impregnite and the remainder used a water solvent process. An age-specific analysis of mortality in relation to race, rank, and military occupational specialty (MOS) was performed in which observed numbers of deaths from principal cause groups were compared with those expected according to U.S. standard mortality rates. Overall cancer mortality for 1,099 white males with tetrachloroethane exposure was 1.26 times that of 1,319 men not involved in the impregnation process. The risks for leukemia, lymphoma, and cancers of the genital organs were moderately elevated, but the numbers were small and no significant excesses were observed.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Rarely is the skin examined at the time of preplacement examination, and questionnaires prior to employment almost always lack questions which could reveal the presence of or predisposition to skin disease. The author has prepared questions for each of four skin conditions which comprise the most common background causes of occupational skin disability. Methods of examination of the skin to uncover these conditions are described, and occupations to be avoided by workers contact allergically sensitive to specific chemicals are indicated. The author emphasizes that the work preclusions are not absolute, because many sensitized workers find ways to avoid contact with allergens and continue at the same occupation with little or no recurrence.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This is a study of the mortality of individuals engaged in the manufacture of chromium compounds (chromium work) at a plant in Toyko, Japan, for one or more years. Morbidity data and results of liver and kidney function tests were also reviewed. The subjects of the mortality study were 896 males, who engaged in the chromium work between 1918 and 1975. Workers who died or retired or left the work for other reasons before the end of the follow-up period (1978) and for whom the necessary data were obtainable are included. When compared with Japanese males, this group of workers was found to have a standard mortality ratio for respiratory cancer of 9.2, which indicates an excess risk. No excess risk of death was indicated for cancer in other organs of the body or for other diseases. No significant differences in morbidity, which would indicate that the exposed group contracted any specific diseases, including liver and kidney disorders, more easily than did the control group, were found.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Deaths from lung cancer among 3,247 welders in western Washington during the period 1950 through 79–76 were identified. Relative to those among men of comparable age and race in the population as a whole, lung cancer mortality rates among the welders were elevated by 32% (p = 0.06). When the analysis was restricted to the period beginning 20 years after first employment, the excess was 74% (p < 0.001). An excess was also found when welders were compared to nonwelders in the same union: the attributable risk was 23.1 per 100,000 per year. A review of 11 published studies showed that most demonstrate an excess risk, with 6 of the 11 showing an excess in the range of 30 to 50%.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent federal regulations require that spirometry be conducted to safeguard working populations from potentially noxious inhalants. The interpretation of this test is based on published predicted values which vary by as much as 20% for FE V1, FVC, and FEF25–7.5. These differences are due to either instrument inaccuracies, varying test and calculation methods, or poorly defined normal populations which sometimes include smokers and hospitalized patients. Currently used published predicted values are described and their differences explained so that this source of variability can be eliminated by employing a standard set of recommended predicted values based on a healthy population of never smokers.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1981

数据来源: OVID