ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Workers' compensation laws originally provided the exclusive remedy for an injured worker. Under the workers' compensation system, an injured worker received a limited monetary recovery, while the employer and the employees (i.e., the co-employees of the injured worker, including company physicians and nurses) received immunity from negligence actions, including those for medical malpractice. Recent trends in workers' compensation law indicate that company physicians and nurses now may well be subject to malpractice suits. However, carefullydrawn company health care protocols, appropriate employment requirements, and attention to the handling of cases, may reduce the number of these claims.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The incidence of lung cancer in the cigarette smoking population occupationally exposed to asbestos is inordinately high. A method for apportioning risk to these two agents has been developed. It utilizes degree of asbestos and smoking exposures; the time interval from onset and, where applicable, termination of both exposures; the time interval to diagnosis of lung cancer; and morphologic, physiologic, and radiological evidence of pulmonary fibrosis.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Mental health and work stress among 653 office workers in Hong Kong were studied using Goldberg's 12-item general health questionnaire (CHQ), with slight modification, and McLean's self-assessment scheme in a self-administered questionnaire. It was found that more respondents reported symptoms in the six negative than in the six positive CHQ items. The proportions reporting problems in McLean's areas of coping, context, and stressors were 20.9%, 47.7%, and 14.8%, respectively. Females reported more problems in both context and coping than did males, but no difference was found between them for stressors. Multiple regression analysis revealed a strong association (r = .63) between mental ill health and McLean's three factors, with coping the most important factor for females, context the most important for males, and stressors the least important for both sexes in predicting mental ill health.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To facilitate the conduct of epidemiologic studies of populations at risk for or suffering from central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction due to environmental agents, a computer-administered neurobehavioral evaluation system has been developed. The system includes a set of testing programs designed to run on a microcomputer and questionnaires to facilitate interpretation of results. Standard tasks evaluating memory, psychomotor function, verbal ability, visuospatial ability, and mood were selected and adapted for computer presentation following the recommendation of an expert committee of the World Health Organization and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. In two pilot surveys, test performance was found to be influenced by age, education level, and socioeconomic status in ways consistent with prior research findings. Performance on tests of short-term memory and reaction time was negatively correlated with intensity of organic solvent exposure among industrial painters. In view of the ease of administration and data handling, high subject acceptability, and sensitivity to the effects of known neurotoxic agents, computer-based assessment of CNS function holds promise for future epidemiologic research.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of a pressure demand-type self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) (total weight, 15.5 kg) on breathing pattern, gas exchange, and heart rate were studied in 13 firemen. The subjects performed sequential progressive exercise tests on a treadmill both without and with an SCBA. The use of an SCBA consistently limited tidal volume. During submaximal exercise oxygen consumption and heart rate increased remarkably more with the SCBA than without it. Four subjects reached their maximal heart rate with the SCBA. Their mean ventilation rate was 68% and oxygen consumption was 83% of the maximal values attained without the SCBA. The shoulder harness of the heavy SCBA prevented free motion of the thorax, affecting the regulation of breathing, and thus seriously disturbed ventilation and gas exchange, particularly at heavier exercise levels.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Few epidemiologic studies of industrial populations have considered the possible direct or confounding influences of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, particularly those that are considered “behavioral.” There are many possible reasons, including lack of data (because they were not collected or are unavailable); the absence of standard definitions for such factors; and fears of violating confidentiality, of incomplete or biased reporting, or of allegations that inclusion of such nonindustrial risk factors might be used as a smoke screen to disguise workplace effects. However, with industry being urged to offer workplace-sponsored behavior modification programs, it seems only wise to measure the behaviors they would be designed to modify.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID