ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Readers are invited to submit letters for publication in this department. Submit them to: The Editor. Journal of Occupational Medicine, PO Box 370, Bryn Mawi, PA 19010. Letters should be typewritten and double spaced and should be designated*For Publication.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Trichloroethylene (CHCL=CCL2) is a colorless aliphatic organic solvent with both historical use in medicine as an anesthetic agent and current use in industry as a degreasing agent.1Although neither the etiology nor pathogenesis of progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) has been established, this disease has been associated with a wide variety of seemingly unrelated compounds, including exposure to organic solvents.2The authors describe a 47‐year‐old woman with previous excellent health who developed fatal progressive systemic sclerosis after a single 2.5‐hour predominantly dermal exposure to trichloroethylene. During a period of 10 months the patient developed proximal scleroderma, reflux esophagitis, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, restrictive pulmonary disease, pericarditis with effusion, and renal insufficiency with severe hypertension. Renal and skin biopsies were consistent with progressive systemic sclerosis.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;An epidemiologic investigation was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of allergic events associated with psyllium in a population of health care workers in long‐term care facilities, and to determine if a specific brand of psyllium laxative was associated with the events. Of 743 surveyed health care workers who prepared psyllium laxatives for patients, 136 (18%) reported allergic events. Thirty‐four of these employees (5%) reported shortness of breath, wheezing, or hives within 30 minutes after preparing psyllium laxatives. Four hundred thirty‐six workers who were exposed to the suspect psyllium laxative were compared with 314 workers exposed to other psyllium laxatives for the occurrence of an adverse event: There was no statistically significant association between exposure to the suspect product and the occurrence of an adverse event. These findings suggest that psyllium laxatives are associated with a spectrum of allergic events ranging from mild to disabling.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A 50‐year‐old chemical engineer, routinely screened for occupational arsenic exposure, was admitted with a delirium for which no known etiology was found. Elevated levels of arsenic were found in the urine and hair. The patient received chalation treatment with British anti‐Lewisite; substantial amounts of arsenic were excreted and the toxic encephalopathy improved gradually over the 8‐month follow‐up period. The patient was tested at 6 weeks, 4 months, and 8 months postdelirium with a battery of neuropsychological tasks. The pattern of results showed verbal learning and memory to be severely impaired while tests of general intellectual abilities and language remained unaffected. Follow‐up examinations with no subsequent reexposure revealed improvements on specific cognitive tasks. It is unclear whether recovery of cortical functions occurred or if compensatory strategies were developed. It is proposed that a subscute exposure to arsenic may have contributed to the neuropsychological deficits.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The usefulness of workers' compensation claims for the surveillance of occupational injuries was evaluated by analyzing claims for cold injury. Five hundred ten claims filed in 1983 from 23 states participating in the Bureau of Labor Statistics Supplementary Data System and an additional 147 claims filed with the Division of Safety and Hygiene of the Industrial Commission of Ohio from Jan 1, 1984, to June 30, 1985, were examined. As expected, the number of injuries per winter day increased as temperature decreased and wind speed increased. The rate of injury began to increase when temperatures fell below 10°F and wind speeds exceeded 10 mph. These weather conditions were milder than previously published cold hazard charts suggest. Frostbite injuries of the lower extremities occurred at milder temperatures, required more lost workdays, and were more costly than cold injuries to the head and face or to the upper extremities. Industries with the highest rates of injury included agriculture, oil and gas extraction, trucking and warehousing, protective services, and interurban transportation. Injuries during nonwinter months involved the processing, distribution, and preparation of food. Vehicle breakdown or contact with water, gasoline, alcohol, or cold water were noted as contributing factors on many of the compensation claims. This probe suggests that claims for workers' compensation adequately reflect the expected association of environmental factors and the occurrence of cold injury.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;In 1976 the Bureau of Labor Statistics began collecting data from selected states' workers' compensation files. The data include information on fatalities within three‐digit occupations. The fatality data were combined with information on employment within three‐digit occupations to produce estimates of mortality within 347 occupations. Loggers and asbestos workers appear to have the most dangerous blue collar jobs and airplane pilots the most dangerous white collar jobs.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;With increasing demands for dependent care, and more women in the work force, employees may be required to balance work and care giving responsibilities. The New York Business Group on Health survey examines the role of business and industry concerning this issue: employer awareness about problems of employees responsible for the care of elderly or chronically disabled dependent family members, and company programs and policies to deal with employee care giver problems.Findings from this exploratory study of 69 companies in the greater New York area indicate that approximately half are a ware of care giver needs, and many have identified employee problems in the workplace (lateness, absenteeism, etc). Few have programs designed specifically for care givers. However, larger companies and those with a predominantly female work force have more policies and programs that can accommodate care giver needs. Various strategies currently being tried by companies to support care givers are described.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The anthropologic distinction between disease and illness is used to give insight into the nature of certain medically puzzling occupational epidemics, including mass psychogenic illness. Four representative epidemics from America, Europe, Asia, and the Pacific are described. Illness is a phenomenon socially defined by a group and these epidemics of illness are hypothesized to be a form of group protest about the work circumstances comparable to possession states. Some of the implications for resolving these epidemics by physicians and others are discussed.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID