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1. |
Why do some people develop two or more inflammatory conditions (ie, carpal tunnel syndrome, Dupuytren's contracture, trigger finger, etc) without any clear-cut etiologic factor(s) being present? These persons are not performing any unusually repetitive or forceful activities |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 295-296
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ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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2. |
What are the health risks of employees with a history of asthma when placed as handlers in an animal research facility? |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 296-297
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ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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3. |
Detection of Activated ras p21 in Urine Samples Associated with Bladder and Prostate Cancer |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 298-299
Alan Scobbie,
John Anderson,
Alan Horwich,
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ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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4. |
A Scale to Assess Severity in Organophosphorus Intoxication: POP Scale |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 301-301
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PDF (105KB)
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ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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5. |
Biological Monitoring of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in an Electrode Paste Plant |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 303-310
Steinar,
Øvrebø Aage,
Haugen Per,
Fjeldstad Kari,
Hemminki Krzysztof,
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摘要:
We have compared several biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure among electrode paste plant workers and workers not occupationally exposed to PAH. The PAH exposure was quantitated from samples collected with person-attached sampling devices. The mean particulate PAH exposure level in the plant was 14.4 μg/m3. The level of pyrene was significantly correlated with both PAH level and the level of selected carcinogenic PAHs in this type of exposure. The mean concentration of the biomarker 1-hydroxypyrene in the PAH exposed workers' urine was 6.98 μimol of 1-hydroxypyrene per mole of creatinine compared with 0.08 and 0.14 μimol of 1-hydroxypyrene per mole of creatinine in the two reference groups. PAH-DNA adducts were measured in DNA from white blood cells by the ultrasensitive enzyme radioimmunoassay (USERIA) and the32Ppostlabeling technique. Only urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was significantly increased in the PAH-exposed group.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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6. |
Laboratory Work and Pregnancy Outcome |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 311-319
Helena,
Taskinen Pentti,
Kyyrönen Kari,
Hemminki Matti,
Hoikkala Kari,
Lajunen Marja-Liisa,
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摘要:
Spontaneous abortions among women working in laboratories, and congenital malformations and birth weights of the children were examined in a retrospective case-referent study. In the spontaneous abortion study there were 535 women (206 cases and 329 referents), and in the malformation study 141 women (36 cases and 105 referents). The analysis of the birth weights concerned 500 women (referents). Significant associations with spontaneous abortion were found for exposure to toluene (odds ratio [OR], 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 15.9), xylene (OR 3.1, CI 1.3 to 7.5) and formalin (OR 3.5, CI 1.1 to 11.2) ≥3 days a week, adjusted for the covariates. Most of the women exposed to formalin and xylene were working in pathology or histology laboratories. No association with congenital malformation was found.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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7. |
Occupationally Acquired Tuberculosis: What's Known |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 320-325
Karen,
Bowden Melissa,
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摘要:
Tuberculosis (TB) morbidity and mortality have increased substantially since the mid-1980s in areas with a high prevalence of medically underserved populations, human immunodeficiency virus, foreign-born persons, residents of long-term care facilities and crowded correctional institutions, and alcoholics and intravenous-drug abusers. The occupational risk has likewise increased for those exposed to these high-risk people in the course of their work. The magnitude of the occupational hazard is present unclear, although implications are disturbing. We used available data bases containing occupational exposure information, and telephone surveys, in an attempt to elucidate the magnitude of risk of occupationally acquired TB. We obtained up-to-date employee conversion rates at high-risk institutions, identified changing rates of TB infection and disease over time, documented high conversion rates following accidental exposures, and revealed a relative lack of reported TB disease and deaths. Numerous barriers to worker protection against TB are identified and recommendations are made to reduce the risk of occupationally acquired tuberculosis.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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8. |
Measuring Second-Order Selection Bias in a Work Site Health Program |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 326-333
Martin,
Sepulveda Axel,
Goetz John,
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摘要:
Magnitude and direction of second-order self-selection bias were assessed in a sample of 93,807 IBM employees who participated in the company's Voluntary Health Assessment (VHA) Program, by comparing repeat participants with one-time participants and by simulating selection into the repeat sample. One-time and repeat VHA participants differed systematically but not uniformly in several health characteristics. Repeat participants improved significantly in risk-relevant behaviors and health risk measures. Simulation of selection bias by excluding healthier or less healthy participants from the repeat VHA sample showed findings of gain to be robust. In studies of gain, second-order selection bias cannot automatically be assumed to inflate gain nor to be of sufficient magnitude to affect conclusions about program effects. Simulation is a useful tool for gauging direction and magnitude of selection bias.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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9. |
Baldrige Value to Occupational Health Services |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 334-337
Charles,
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摘要:
Applying the criteria of the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award should help guide the implementation of total quality management, or continuous quality improvement, within occupational and environmental health organizations. Based upon the prior elucidation of necessary parameters to achieve this goal, the Baldrige criteria framework is found to encompass these components in an integrated way and to provide a rigorous method of assessment. Also, its guidelines provide a number of other unique advantages for occupational physician-managers whose aim is quality excellence and future competitiveness.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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10. |
Physical Work Load and Its Assessment among the Nursing Staff in Nursing Homes |
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Journal of Occupational Medicine,
Volume 36,
Issue 3,
1994,
Page 338-345
J A,
Engels J W J,
van der Gulden T F,
Senden C A W M,
Hertog J J,
Kolk R A,
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摘要:
A study was conducted to investigate the physical work load and the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints of nurses in nursing homes. Thirty-six female subjects selected from three nursing homes in the Netherlands participated in an observational study. In addition, the total nursing staff (n = 668) was invited to take part in a questionnaire survey (response was 94%). It was noticed that almost 60% of the observed time was spent on nonpatient-related activities. Moreover, activities alternated rapidly and seldom lasted longer than 4 minutes on average. Twenty percent of the observed time was spent in “poor” work postures as defined by the Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (Action Category 2 to 4). Activities contributing most to these poor work postures were patient care and household and preliminary tasks. Perceived exertion as scored on the Borg-CR10 scale was highest during patient-related activities. This holds also for a relative increase of heart rate. Questionnaire results showed prevalences of 41%, 35%, and 20% respectively, for back, arm/neck, and leg complaints. From this study it can be concluded that not only patient-related activities should be taken into consideration for the improvement of work postures and other potential strenuous aspects of nursing work. Household and preliminary tasks, ergonomic layout of the ward, and work pressure also deserve attention.
ISSN:0096-1736
出版商:OVID
年代:1994
数据来源: OVID
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