ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The possibility that exposure to Agent Orange or phenoxy herbicides may have increased the risk of soft tissue sarcomas has been of genuine concern to Vietnam veterans and their families. A hospital-based case comparison group study was undertaken to examine, through a comprehensive review of medical records and military personnel records, the association between previous military service in Vietnam and soft tissue sarcomas. The case group comprised 234 Vietnam-era veteran patients who served in the US military between 1964 and 1975 and were treated in one of the 172 VA hospitals between 1969 and 1983 with a diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas. The comparison group consisted of 13,496 patients who were systematically sampled from the same Vietnam-era veteran patient population from which the cases were drawn. Military service information, in particular Vietnam service status, for each case and control patient was obtained from a review of the patient's military personnel records archived at the National Personnel Records Center in St Louis, Missouri. No significant association of soft tissue sarcomas and previous military service in Vietnam was observed: odds ratio was 0.83 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.63 to 1.09.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Screening for the onset of toxic and entrapment neuropathy is a major concern in occupational medicine today. Current perception thresholds may be used as a measure of the integrity of the peripheral nervous system. A new transcutaneous nerve stimulator was used to evaluate current perception thresholds in 54 normal persons and 33 diabetic subjects. Current perception thresholds in the normal volunteers with no evidence of peripheral neuropathy were found to vary significantly with the frequency and location of the stimulation, as well as age. The test identified the diabetic peripheral neuropathy with an overall sensitivity of 94%. This new diagnostic technique is quick, simple to perform, noninvasive and nonaversive and provides a sensitive quantitative measure of sensory function. This diagnostic stimulator will be useful for screening occupationally related toxic and entrapment neuropathies in which sensory impairment is an early finding.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Spirometric parameters are generally obtained at ambient (spirometer) temperature pressure saturated (ATPS) and then converted to body temperature pressure saturated (BTPS) by multiplying each observed value by a BTPS correction factor. At ambient temperatures of 23°C or higher, the accepted practice of using a constant BTPS factor introduces a relatively small error in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), but as the temperature decreases below 23°C the error in FEV1increases. A dynamic BTPS correction factor model has recently been developed to reduce this error. Analysis of across-shift spirometry data from a recent survey indicates that, with an increase in temperature over a work shift of greater than 3°C, 27.1% of 302 subjects were classified as having a ≤5% FEV1drop over the shift using the dynamic BTPS factor model, compared with 41.4% when the standard BTPS correction factor was used (P<.005). These results indicate the importance of correcting for ambient temperature differences when analyzing for shift changes in spirometric parameters.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Data on 56,012 current and 48,608 previous pregnancies were obtained by interview in 11 Montreal hospitals, 1982 to 1984, after delivery or spontaneous abortion. In 17,632 pregnancies in occupations with substantial use of visual display units (VDUs), users and nonusers had similar rates of congenital defects in both current and previous pregnancies and of abortions in previous pregnancies. In current pregnancies there was an excess of abortions in users which could have been due to biased recall. In a further analysis of all 42 occupational groups ranked according to percentage use of VDUs, the risk of spontaneous abortion in both current and previous pregnancies was the same irrespective of the amount of VDU use. Thus, the study does not support the suggestion that work with a VDU in pregnancy increases the risk of congenital defect or spontaneous abortion.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Occupational factors in spontaneous abortion were studied in the current and previous pregnancies of 56,013 women interviewed in 11 Montreal maternity departments, 1988 to 1984. Ratios of observed to expected abortions (BR), after allowance for nonoccupational confounders, were significantly increased (P< .05) among nursing assistants and attendants (RR 1.24 in current and 1.13 in previous pregnancies), food and beverage servers (RR 1.31 in current and 1.11 in previous pregnancies) and sales persons (RR 1.18 in current and 1.18 in previous pregnancies). Women whose work entailed heavy lifting, other physical effort, long hours, exposure to noise, and exposure to cold had also significantly increased risk ratios. However, when occupational groups were ranked according to work demands, thus avoiding potential bias from prior knowledge of outcome, increased risks were associated consistently only with heavy lifting and other physical effort.

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0096-1736    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1986

数据来源: OVID