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11. |
The alibi‐generation effect: Alibi‐generation experience influences alibi evaluation |
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Legal and Criminological Psychology,
Volume 17,
Issue 1,
2012,
Page 151-164
Elizabeth A. Olson,
Gary L. Wells,
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摘要:
Purpose. Post‐conviction DNA exonerations demonstrate a failure of alibis to protect innocent suspects. We contend one reason alibis are not believed is because evaluators underestimate how difficult it is for an innocent person to generate a convincing alibi. We hypothesized that asking evaluators to first generate an alibi of their own would lead evaluators to consider a suspect's alibi as more believable.Methods. Participants (N= 147) were randomly assigned to either evaluate a suspect's alibi before generating their own alibi (evaluate‐first) or generate their own alibi before evaluating the suspect's alibi (generate‐first). Participants provided alibis from either 3 days previous or 30 days previous. In Experiment 2, participants (N= 255) were randomly assigned to either generate‐first, evaluate‐first, or read‐experience (in which they read about alibi‐generation difficulty) conditions. Half the participants were primed to think empathetically with Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) subscales, and half were not. All participants evaluated the believability of the suspect's alibi as well as their own alibis.Results. Across both experiments, participants who generated their own alibi first rated the suspect's alibi as more believable. This alibi‐generation effect overshadowed alibi latency in Experiment 1 and the empathy manipulation in Experiment 2.Conclusions. Alibi‐generation experience seems to change the expectations evaluators have of alibis from criminal suspects. This effect likely emanates from increased awareness that alibis are difficult for innocent people to generate and from the emotional experience of having dif
ISSN:1355-3259
DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8333.2010.02003.x
出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd
年代:2012
数据来源: WILEY
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12. |
Do pre‐admonition suggestions moderate the effect of unbiased lineup instructions? |
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Legal and Criminological Psychology,
Volume 17,
Issue 1,
2012,
Page 165-176
Deah S. Quinlivan,
Jeffrey S. Neuschatz,
Brian L. Cutler,
Gary L. Wells,
Joy McClung,
Devin L. Harker,
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摘要:
We examined the additive and interactive effects of pre‐admonition suggestion and lineup instructions (biased or unbiased) on eyewitness identification rates. Participants watched a mock crime video, completed a target‐absent lineup identification, and completed a retrospective memory questionnaire. Prior to attempting an identification, participants were either exposed or not exposed to pre‐admonition suggestions and received biased or unbiased lineup instructions. The pre‐admonition suggestion indicated that it was likely that the perpetrator was in the lineup (surely, you can pick the perpetrator). The pre‐admonition suggestion increased false identification in the unbiased lineup condition. Furthermore, those who received the pre‐admonition suggestion were more certain in their identifications as well as other testimony‐relevant judgments than were those who did not receive the pre‐admonition suggestion. These results suggest that pre‐lineup suggestion can mitigate the beneficial effects of unbiased li
ISSN:1355-3259
DOI:10.1348/135532510X533554
出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd
年代:2012
数据来源: WILEY
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13. |
Cold‐blooded lie catchers? An investigation of psychopathy, emotional processing, and deception detection |
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Legal and Criminological Psychology,
Volume 17,
Issue 1,
2012,
Page 177-191
Kristine A. Peace,
Sarah M. Sinclair,
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PDF (618KB)
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摘要:
Purpose. The process of catching liars is challenging, though evidence suggests that deception detection abilities are influenced by the characteristics of the judge. This study examined individual differences in emotional processing and levels of psychopathic traits on the ability to judge the veracity of written narratives varying in emotional valence.Methods. Undergraduate participants (N= 251) judged the veracity of 12 written narratives (truthful/deceptive) across three emotional categories: positive, negative, and neutral events. Levels of psychopathy were assessed to investigate its relation to accuracy and cue use.Results. Overall accuracy was close to chance, although participants were more accurate in determining the veracity of truthful relative to deceptive narratives. Accuracy was impaired for emotional (positive and negative) relative to neutral narratives. Psychopathy was not associated with levels of overall accuracy, but related to discriminative ability, and differential use of cues in decision making. Reported cue use also differed across emotional narrative conditions.Conclusions. We speculated that an emotive truth bias may have detracted judges from attending to valid cues that are indicative of the deceptive nature of stimuli because they were distracted by the emotional content of the report. Implications for deception detection in forensic settings are di
ISSN:1355-3259
DOI:10.1348/135532510X524789
出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd
年代:2012
数据来源: WILEY
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14. |
Police Interrogations and False Confessions: Current Research, Practice, and Policy Recommendations edited by G. Daniel Lassiter and Christian A. Meissner |
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Legal and Criminological Psychology,
Volume 17,
Issue 1,
2012,
Page 192-193
JULIE CHERRYMAN,
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ISSN:1355-3259
DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8333.2011.02034.x
出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd
年代:2012
数据来源: WILEY
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15. |
Editorial Acknowledgement |
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Legal and Criminological Psychology,
Volume 17,
Issue 1,
2012,
Page 194-194
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PDF (447KB)
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ISSN:1355-3259
DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8333.2011.02042.x
出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd
年代:2012
数据来源: WILEY
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