摘要:

A variety of nutritional factors including deficiencies of iron, folic acid, vitamins, and diets rich in carbohydrates have been implicated in the pathogenesis of oral candidal infections. The following reviews the growing body of data, fromin vivoandin vitrostudies, related to each of these implicated factors. Although much disagreement exists as to the specific roles played by these individual factors, there is little doubt that nutritional factors either acting locally or via systemic mechanisms could significantly affect the pathogenesis of oral candidoses. Hence, the role of these less well‐characterised predisposing factors should be considered when one is treating patients with intractable oral candidal infection

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSix days after commencement of a regimen of twice daily administration of 25, 50, or 75 mg/kg body wt doses of the β1adrenergic agonist, dobutammine, or the β1adrenergic agonist, terbutaline, submandibular and parotid glands of rats were enlarged in size. The β1receptor was responsible for mediation of these changes with both agonists, since the effects of either agonist were prevented when a 10 mg/kg dose of the β1antagonist, atenolol, was injected 20 min prior to the agonists but were not prevented when the β1antagonist butoxamine, was given prior to each agonist. The increase in gland size caused by dobutamine was more marked than that induced by terbutaline; total amount of DNA of the parotid gland was also higher with dobutamine than with terbutaline. The response of the parotid gland to each dose of either agonist was greater than that of the submandibular gland, suggesting that the parotid gland has more β receptors than does submandibular gland. The data also show that the increase in cell size precedes an increase in cell number. The increase in cell size depends on activation of fewer receptors than are required for the increase in DNA, since at the same dose of dobutamine, e.g., increase in cell size but not cell number was observed; moreover, the same dosage effected an increase in DNA of parotid but not submandibular gland. The data thus show that enlargement of both glands, as well as increase in size and number of their acinar cells, is dependent on activation of β1adrenoceptor

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe malignant potential of oral lichen planus was assessed on the basis of observations in 722 patients found among 27,599 individuals examined in various epidemiologic studies in Kerala, Ernakulam district, India. Seven hundred and two patients with oral lichen planus were re‐examined annually over a 10‐year period with a mean observation period of 5.1 years. Most of the lesions (93%) were observed among tobacco users. Carcinoma developed in 3 (0.4%) patients with oral lichen planus. Clinically, all 3 had atrophic components in their lesions, and all were tobacco users. The relative risk of a lichen planus developing oral cancer compared to a tobacco user was estimated as 3.3. However, this relative risk was not significant. Histologically, 74% of the 94 biopsies from oral lichen planus showed epithelial atrophy. Two of the 3 in whom cancer developed also showed epithelial atrophy. It is felt that epithelial atrophy probably renders the mucosa more vulnerable to the carcinogenic action of tobacco. Although this study could not confirm the precancerous nature of this disease with a high degree of certainty, the disease did not appear to be innocuous eit

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Maxillary incisors of young rats fed a diet deficient in calcium and vitamin D for 4 weeks developed hypoplastic enamel surfaces. In the enamel of maxillary incisors of deficiently fed rats as well as in normal rats, an orthodontic force (50 gin) acting on their incisors for 3–7 days induced foldings in the enamel, globular projections from the surface and marked hypoplastic defects. However, the orthodontic force produced clusters of free‐lying enamel matrix only in the nutritionally deficient rats. In view of these observations, it might be concluded that disturbances in enamel formation which cause hypoplasias can he caused both by mechanical trauma and hypocalcemia. Furthermore, it seems that hypocalcemia increases the susceptibility to mechanical trauma of ameloblasts in their secretory stage. Whether the changes in enamel formation noted in the hypocalcemic rats is a direct effect of lowered serum calcium or due to the increase in parathyroid hormone is not known at pres

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Focal lymphocytic infiltration in the human labial salivary glands was examined in a series of 190 postmortem subjects after suitable exclusion had been made. Focal lymphocytic infiltration, with or without a slight degree of parenchymal atrophic change, was found in 22.4% of the males and in 35.7% of the females. Of these, 9.0% (12 subjects) of the males and 10.7% (6 subjects) of the females with focal lymphocytic infiltration did not show any atrophic changes of the parenchyma. In the series reported here, the prevalence of focal lymphocytic infiltration apparently differs from the results of earlier investigators who had reported that none of the postmortem subjects without autoimmune diseases or connective tissue diseases showed focal lymphocytic infiltration in minor salivary glands. Although the pathological significance of focal lymphocytic infiltration in the minor salivary glands remains obscure, its diagnostic value for Sjögren's syndrome is discussed

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many substances have been found to cause enamel disturbances in toxic doses, and it has been postulated that these disturbances are linked to the formation of sub‐ameloblastic cysts. In the present investigation, fluoride‐induced sub‐ameloblastic cysts in developing rat molars were related to fluoride dose, age of the animals, and the plasma fluoride level. The sub‐ameloblastic cysts, which developed predominantly towards the end of the secretory stage of amelogenesis, appeared shortly after fluoride administration and regressed within 3 days. Hypoplasias and internal defects were found in the enamel under the disturbed ameloblast layer. The highest plasma fluoride levels were found in the youngest animals 24 h after injection. The frequency and size of the sub‐ameloblastic cysts were clearly related to the fluoride‐dose and age of the animal and, subsequently, to the plasma flu

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this study, scanning electron microscopy was used to describe the surface morphology of fissured tongue. Tissue samples from the anterior part of the tongue were taken from 15 patients with fissured tongue. The formalin‐fixed samples were processed routinely for scanning electron microscopy. Typically, the surface of a fissured tongue was covered with hairless papillae of various sizes. The biggest papillae were larger than the body of a normal filliform papilla, and the apex was rounded and rough. On the other hand, some of these papillae had a few hairs and resembled normal filiform papillae, but were flatter. In addition some papillae formed only slight elevations on the tongue mucosa, which was smooth and contained some desquamating cells. The walls of the fissure found in macroscopical examination consisted of very low elevations of the smooth mucosa with some desquamating cells. At high magnification the superficial cells of the epithelium were polygonal. On their surface there were branching or parallel microplicae, which were often broken. Only occasionally superficial cells of the large papillae had a pitted appearance. The knob‐like structures found among the microplicae and small cracks between the epithelial cells are discussed from the standpoint of the pathogenesis of fissured ton

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 805 intra‐oral neoplasms was diagnosed in Chinese subjects from 1964–1982 in the University Department of Pathology, Hong Kong. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) totalled 502 and constituted 86% of 502 malignant tumors. Although the majority (82%) of SCC were of the well‐differentiated type, the relatively poor differentiation exhibited by palatal SCC in the females, was noteworthy. There was a marked male predominance in all SCC subgrouped by anatomic site, but the sex difference declined after the 6lh decade and disappeared by the 9th decade. A significant rise in the incidence rate was observed in the decade after 1973 compared to that for 1964–72 in both male (p<0.0001) and female (p<0.001). It is speculated that, in the absence of improved oral hygience and dental care, changes in the smoking and drinking habits in the local Chinese are of causal imp

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The distribution of fibronectin in human buccal mucosa and labial salivary glands and its relationship to lymphoid cells was studied using an immunoperoxidase technique and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. In all specimens fibronectin was associated with basement membranes of epithelia. vascular endothelium and perincural sheaths. In historically normal areas of buccal mucosa fibronectin was distributed as a sparse network in the superficial lamina propria. A more extensive network of fibronectin was found within the lamina propria of mucosal specimens infiltrated with T lymphocytes, whereas fibronectin was absent in areas occupied by B lymphocytes. A sirelationship between lymphocyte type and the presence of a fibronectin network was found in labial glands and palatine tonsil. Fibronectin was not detected within oral, salivary gland, tonsillar crypt or capsular epithelium.

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLaminated zones within the body of carious lesions were studied by polarized light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Areas from within and surrounding the laminated zones, precisely selected using light microscopy, were argon‐ion‐beam thinned and examined by transmission electron microscopy. Laminated zones were present in ∼7% of the samples studied. Polarized light microscopy showed variation in mineralization from zone to zone and the enamel surrounding the zones in the body of the lesion. Laminated zones whose central region showed ∼1% of space when examined in air and whose boundaries showed ∼2–4% of space when imbibed in quinoline were selected for ultrastructural studies. Electron microscopy showed the laminated zone to be less demineralized than the surrounding enamel in the body of the lesion. The ultrastructure of their central regions was similar to healthy enamel but their boundaries showed demineralization which increased into the body of the lesion. Within the central region of lamination there was greater evidence of resistance to demineralization rather than the presence of remin

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1986.tb00587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY