摘要:

Humoral and/or cellular immune responses directed against self antigens are currently thought to underlie a wide spectrum of systemic and organ‐specific human and animal autoimmune diseases. Although the immunopathology of these diseases has been well characterized in most cases, the etiology still remains obscure. In order to gain a more fundamental insight of the abnormal processes leading to autoimmunity, efforts are currently being directed toward defining these diseases at a molecular level. Because of the clinical diversity and immunological complexity of these diseases, several directions are being pursued. Relevant to autoimmune oral disease, this review will focus on antigen processing and recognition (immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes), the key role of the major histocompatibility complex, and the involvement of the cytokine network. Advances made in these fields have clear relevance for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies related to autoimmune diseases affecting oral tissue

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parotid saliva was collected over a 12‐min period from 24 insulin dependent diabetic patients with varying degrees of autonomic neuropathy and 12 age and sex matched non‐diabetic controls. Epidermal growth factor (EOF) concentrations in saliva were measured by radio‐immunoassay. The EGF concentrations in diabetics with no autonomic neuropathy or with combined autonomic neuropathy were equivalent but secretion of EGF was significantly elevated at the 6‐and 12‐min periods of collection in diabetic patients with early or established autonomic neuropathy. It is postulated that when parasympathetic autonomic neuropathy is present a relative “over‐activity” of the sympathetic innervation promotes release of salivary EGF. This sympathetic predominance may maintain salivary EGF concentration despite the elevated salivary flow and volume which is associated with parasympathetic auton

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the influence of cytokines on surface antigen expression by gingival Langerhans cells (LC) in organ culture, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF‐α) upregulated the expression of CDla, HLA‐DR and HLA‐DP antigens on LC. TNF‐α, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) suppressed CD29 expression, while other cytokines, including interleukin‐3 and granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor, were without effect. No cytokines induced CD3, CD4, CD23, CD25 or CD45 RA antigen expression in organ culture. Since TNF‐α and IL‐6 can be secreted by keratinocytes, these molecules, together with interleukin‐1, are likely to play a role in the local control of LC number and function within the epithelial milieu. Thus, alterations in cytokine secretion by keratinocytes may at least in part be responsible for variations in LC number and antigen expression which

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00859.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The etiologic role ofBacteroidesin both periodontal and periapical infections has been well documented, with current interest focusing on the specific pathogenic mechanisms involved. The effects of cell fractions derived fromBacteroides gingivalis(BG),Bacteroides intermedius(BI), andBacteroides asaccharolyticus(BA) have been studied in vitro through: an assessment of the direct cytotoxic effects on human gingival fibroblasts using a tetrazolium dye reduction assay, an evaluation of murine lymphocyte stimulation and interleukin‐1release, and the induction of human lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity. Both BG and BI stimulated interleukin‐1release (P<0.001), while BA, a nonoral organism, was not significantly active in this respect. Only BG sonicates were able to induce lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity (P<0.005). All threeBacteroidesspecies demonstrated direct cytotoxic effects on cultured gingival fibroblasts, and these effects were related to the relative protein content and endotoxin activity of the sonicate preparations for each organism. These data show that BG and BI possess factors which may enhance their virulence through activities not shared

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00860.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The performance of two different EM techniques applied for the detection of Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) in oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was assessed, i.e. the conventional two‐step method of negative staining (CNS) and negative staining after Airfuge enrichment (ANS). Scrape specimens from the lateral borders of tongue of 66 HIV‐positive patients with or without HL, of 3 patients with infectious mononucleosis and of 10 HIV‐negative patients were evaluated. While CNS resulted in virus detection only in 25% of clinically diagnosed HL cases, EBV was detected by ANS in 85% of clinically suspected cases of HL. Scrape specimens of individuals negative for HIV were negative in EM while 2 of 3 mononucleosis patients were positive without clinical evidence for HL. Due to this high sensitivity the method of negative staining after Airfuge enrichment appears to be useful in the diagnosis of HL. The finding of EBV in clinically normal oral mucosa in HIV‐seropositive individuals is interesting and indicates that EBV expression may precede the clinical appeara

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

LongoVital (LV) (DK. Reg. No. 5178/75) is a herbal based tablet enriched with recommended doses of vitamins. The present study was undertaken to investigate prevention of recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) during 6 months' daily intake of LV as compared with placebo in a double‐blind, randomized clinical, cross‐over 1‐yr study. The population comprised 29 otherwise healthy minor RAU patients (18 F, 11 M), mean age 36 (18–67), with an estimated average number of recurrences the previous year of 12.8 (3–30). The number of recurrences was significantly reduced on LV the latter 4 of the 6 months (P<0.01) where 31% were totally free of recurrences. Subjective all‐over evaluation of treatment period was significantly in favor of LV. LV induced no adverse reactions and is the first harmless systemic treatment which has proved better than placebo in the preven

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

LongoVital (LV) (DK. Reg. No. 5178/75) is a herbal based tablet enriched with recommended doses of vitamins. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets: T‐helper/CD4 (OKT4 +) and T‐suppressor/cytotoxic/CD8 (OKT8 +) were studied quantitatively in 31 otherwise healthy patients with minor recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) during 6 months' daily LV intake in a double‐blind, randomized, crossover 1‐year study. Fourteen had had LV during the first 6 months (GrA) and 17 LV during the latter 6 months (GrB). OKT4 + percentages increased significantly during the LV period in both groups (P<0.05). OKT8+ percentages increased in both groups, however, only significantly in GrA (p<0.05). It is concluded that LV acts as an immunostimulator in patients with RAU and that the increase in T‐lymphocyte subsets may account for the previously reported benefit of LV in RAU p

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Oral senile amyloidosis in senescence accelerated mouse (SAM) was examined for two SAM sublines (P/2/Iw and R/l/Iw) and for various ages by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The amyloid deposition, identified by green birefrigence following Congo red stain, was observed only in P/2/Iw. In P/2/Iw, no amyloid deposition was found at age 6 months; however, frequency and extent of such deposits increased with advancing age. Distribution of amyloid deposition was as follows: along papillary layers of mucous epithelium in the tongue, the gingiva, the palate, and the buccal mucosa; foci in connective tissues; along vessels, muscles, and minor salivary glands. Immunohistochemically, the amyloid deposition was positive with anti‐ASSAMserum being raised against a unique amyloid protein ASSAMwhich probably induced “senile systemic amyloidosis”. P/2/Iw is useful as an animal model of oral senile amyloi

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00864.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of Laband syndrome in an 8‐yr‐old girl is presented. The case is sporadic. The patient manifests enlargement of the soft tissue of the hard palate and the gingiva, which partly or completely covers the crowns of the teeth and macroglossia. The cartilagenous part of the nose and the ears is large and soft. She has synophrys and thick, straight hair. The nails of the fingures and toes are dysplastic. The girl exhibits no other abnormality, except an IQ of

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00865.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY