摘要:

This paper provides a summary of a recent International Association for Dental Research symposium, “Oral infections in the immunocompromised host.” Speakers addressed current science relative to the host defense system (oral mucosal barrier, salivary gland function, use of biologic response modifiers), as well as characteristics of bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. Avenues for future directions in laboratory and clinical research are propo

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When activated under physiologic or pathologic conditions leukocytes adhere to one another or to other cell types. Adhesion receptors mediate these interactions. In the study reported here, the distribution of the adhesion receptors LFA‐1 (CD1la/CD18), ICAM‐1 (CD54), CD2 and LFA‐3 (CD58) in recurrent oral ulcers (ROU) were studied. Nine tissue specimens from five female patients (mean age 33 yr, age range 21–40 yr) with ROU were studied using the avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex (ABC) method. The main mononuclear cell infiltrations were in lamina propria (LP) and the epithelium next to the basement membrane (BM), laterally to the ulcers. In this area, ICAM‐1 was strongly expressed in capillaries and in postcapillary venules. LFA‐1, LFA‐3 and CD2 were expressed in 65±11%, 70±16% and 80±1%, respectively, of all mononuclear cells. The findings indicate that LFA‐1/ICAM‐1 and CD2/LFA‐3 interactions may play roles in cell to c

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Unstimulated whole saliva samples of 27 indoor epileptic patients were studied on their protein composition using biochemical and immunochemical methods. A number of salivary proteins appeared at least partially to be hydrolyzed. In a number of saliva samples the concentration of carbohydrate‐containing isoenzymes of amylase was reduced. In addition, the concentration of the 20 kD glycoprotein EP‐GP was reduced by 60%. Sialic acid, the terminal sugar of the glycoproteins and mucins, was released for about 50% and in three salivas even nearly completely. Moreover, sialic acid‐ and fucose‐containing epitopes could hardly be detected by monoclonal antibodies to human salivary mucins. As a consequence of this hydrolytic breakdown the saliva mediated aggregation of twoS. sanguisstrains had been reduced. In contrast, the aggregation of S. oralis had been mai

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parotid flow rate and chemistry of 78 HIV+ gay/bisexual men and 27 HIV‐ gay/bisexual controls were compared on a longitudinal basis at 4‐month intervals over a 1 yr period for changes indicative of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases of the salivary glands, or reduced protective capacity toward oral opportunistic infection. Parotid saliva was examined for concentrations of sodium, chloride, phosphate, total protein, lysozyme, lactoferrin, secretory IgA, salivary peroxidase, histatin and albumin. Chloride, lysozyme and peroxidase were significantly higher in HIV+ at all 3 examinations and increased in concentration over time. Although mean values for stimulated flow rate were not significantly different in the two groups over the year, there was a significant increase in the number of HIV+ with reduced flow over time. In 6% of HIV+ there was a marked reduction in flow rate and Sjögren's syndrome‐like elevations in parotid chemistry but no enlargement. At all examinations low flow rate was significantly related to oral candidiasis; T4 levels were inversely related to oral candidiasis, but not to concentration of salivary components or flow rate; nor was AZT use. As a group the HIV+ patients maintained normal flow rate and secreted normal or elevated concentrations of protective proteins. A subgroup, however, exhibited diminished flow over time and an increasing tendency to oral candidiasis and a diminution in output of his

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00103.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Duct‐ligated submandibular and sublingual glands of rats were evaluated immunohistochemically for changes in keratin (MoAb 1164), actin, S‐100 protein and rat‐EGF (rEGF). Normal salivary glands were reactive for keratin, S‐100 protein and rEGF in the granular convoluted tubule (GCT) and duct cells, and for actin in the myoepithelium. Submandibular glands showed a marked reduction of S‐100 protein and rEGF staining following duct ligation, and no increased staining of proliferating epithelial cells of the late stage in duct ligated glands. Sublingual glands revealed no marked changes for actin staining in myoepithelial cells, irrespective of atrophic changes occurring in acinar and duct cells after duct ligation. Immunohistochemical patterns differed for each type of gland; changes associated with the obstructive lesion were more prominent in the submandibu

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00104.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are believed to play an important role in turner invasion and metastasis. MMPs have been identified as preforms of malignant tumor‐associated enzymes, such as procollagenase (proMMP‐1) ofMr= 53,000, progelatinase (proMMP‐2) ofMr= 72,000, proMMP‐9 ofMr= 92,000, and prostromelysin (proMMP‐3) ofMr= 59,000. Here we report that two cell lines of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC9 and SCC25) produce at least two matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in zymogen form, which have been identified as proMMP‐2 and 3 by indirect immunofluorescence technique, immunoblot analysis, and gelatin‐substrate gel enzymography. Additionally, a 92‐kDa gelatinolytic metalloproteinase (proMMP‐9) was detected by gelatin‐substrate gel enzymography. We propose that the ability of these tumor cells to secrete MMPs plays an important role in the malignant behavior of oral squam

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00105.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Oncogene expression in human neoplasia has been examined extensively in the past decade. More recently the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has facilitated studies of oncogenes and other DNA structures. Those few studies which have so far searched for oncogene changes in oral cancer have utilized frozen specimens. We report here an adaptation of the PCR technique applicable to DNA extracted from archival specimens. Our data complement recent findings that Ha‐rasmutations are infrequent in oral squamous cell carcinomas among white caucasoid population

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunotherapy with high doses of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) in patients with metastatic cancer is accompanied by multiorgan side effects. To determine the effect of this treatment on oral tissues, 5 cancer patients receiving a course of recombinant IL‐2 (rIL‐2) were followed. Oral pathology and subjective oral complaints were noted. Whole saliva parameters and routine blood and urine values were recorded daily before, during and after treatment. Mucositis and diminution of salivary flow occurred in all patients. Concomitantly, salivary sodium and protein were e

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00107.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In view of the important role of fibroblast‐type collagenase in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease (PD), we investigated the expression of this metalloproteinase in primary cultures of non‐stimulated fibroblasts dissected from gingival tissues of patients with generalized moderate and localized severe chronic adult PD. Enhanced hybridization signals for collagenase RNA were observed in 8/8 PD‐cases when compared with equivalent RNA amounts extracted from normal fibroblasts. Since both the proto‐oncogene c‐fos and the “early growth response” gene egr‐1 might be involved in the transcriptional regulation of the collagenase gene expression in vivo, we also compared the relative expression of both potential transcriptional factors with collagenase RNA in the same fibroblast cytoplasmic extracts. Hybridization signals indicated elevated RNA amounts for c‐fos in 8/8 PD‐cases and for egr‐1 in 7/8 PD‐cases when compared with the cells from non‐inflamed tissue. In periodontitis gingival tissue specimens, immunolocalization of collagenase could be confirmed in fibroblasts, macrophages and epithelial cells in situ. Collagenase label was not widely distributed within the tissues, but concentrated at the interface between epithelium and connective tissue. The data provide the first evidence that gingival fibroblasts producing elevated levels of collagenase RNA amounts express also c‐fos and egr‐1 indicating a crucial role for both genes in cellular proliferation and collagenase expression in gingival and periodont

ISSN:0904-2512    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00108.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY