摘要:

The cariogenicity of Palatinit® – the equimolar mixture of the disaccharide alcohols α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6 sorbitol and α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6 mannitol – was tested in conventional and SPF Osborne-Mendel rats on ad libitum feeding. Following 3 days of adaptation the spontaneous eating frequency of a 16% Palatinit diet did not significantly differ from that of a 16% sucrose diet and weight gains on Palatinit were normal over a 14-week period. In contrast to sucrose, the cariogenicity of Palatinit was very low when tested in 8-week-old conventional rats. The inoculation of SPF rats with two Palatinit-fermenting strains, Streptococcus mutans C67–1 and Actinomyces viscosus Ny 294, was followed by significant reduction of caries. This reduction is likely to be explained by substitution of indigenous cariogenic streptococci in the rat microflora by the low cariogenic A. visc

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

10% (w/v) solutions of sucrose and of two sucrose substitutes, maltitol and Lycasin®, were tested for their contribution to demineralization of bovine enamel slabs in the human mouth. Every test substrate was tested at a minimum of 4 weeks. The substrates were also tested for their influence on experimental plaques on the enamel slabs. The degree of enamel demineralization was compared to salivary parameters such as secretion rate, pH and buffering capacity. Unlike sucrose, Lycasin and maltitol did not contribute to demineralization. No differences in microbiological parameters of the plaque quality could be demonstrated between plaques influenced by the sugar substitutes or sugar solutions, nor could a relationship be demonstrated between the values of the salivary parameters and degree of demineralization. It is suggested that the method is suitable for pilot studies prior to epidemiological studies on substrate cariogenicity

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260438

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Flossing per se temporarily reduces the proportion of Streptococcus mutans in interproximal plaque when these organisms are present in high numbers. Flossing with iodine reduces the proportion of S. mutans more than flossing alone. However, to maintain low levels, repeated treatment appears to be necessary. Flossing, with or without iodine, does not eliminate S. mutans from interproximal sites and does not significantly alter the proportion of actinomyces.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260439

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four randomized groups of weanling golden hamsters were used to evaluate the effects of 0.025% chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (CH) in a cariogenic diet on the development of caries, and to relate changes in caries to changes in the microflora from the oral cavities of the treated animals. Group I, maintained on a cariogenic diet alone, served as a control. The indigenous flora in group II was suppressed for 4 days by the addition of CH to the diet, and then maintained on a cariogenic diet only. Group III was similarly, but also subsequently inoculated intraorally with a streptomycin-resistant mutant of Streptococcus mutans strain 6715. Group IV, in addition to being treated similarly to group III, was then given CH in the diet continuously, starting one week after S. mutans was established in their oral cavities. Microbial changes were evaluated by dentogingival Calgiswab at 1 week intervals. The results showed that: (1) a significant inhibition (47%) of caries was achieved by adding 0.025% CH in the diet for only 4 days; (2) an increase in caries occurred in the animals whose flora was initially suppressed by inoculating with S. mutans 6715, and (3) this increase was significantly retarded by the subsequent continuous incorporation of CH in the diet. These reductions were not accompanied by marked changes in total streptococci, gram negatives or the inoculated S. mutans.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260440

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The scattering of white light by bulk dental enamel and artificial lesions was studied with light incident under an angle of 45 ° and observed perpendicularly to the surface. The frames of illumination and observation were 0.3 × 0.3 and 0.2 × 0.2 mm2, respectively. The intensity of backscattered light increases with lesion thickness as caused by increasing the demineralization period; and decreases with lesion mineral content as caused by remineralization. The results demonstrate clearly that this nondestructive method is useful for quantitative monitoring of de- and remineralization process

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The bioavailability of fluoride (F) from NaF and Na2PO3F dentifrices was studied in detail in young volunteers. The method used was based on a comparison of plasma and urinary data obtained following intravenous administration of a single 3-mg dose F and ingestion of 6 g (6 mg F) of two different F dentifrices on three separate occasions. The plasma data indicated a higher degree of F bioavailability from the NaF dentifrice (111 ± 13%, SD, n = 4) as compared with theNa2P03F dentifrice (96 ± 16%, SD, n = 4). Since the absorption of F from the F dentifrices was essentially total it is concluded that F dentifrices may play an important part in the daily exposure of children to

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ability of a newly developed urethane lacquer containing silane fluoride (Fluor Protector®) to deposit fluoride in the enamel was tested in vivo using the enamel biopsy technique. The enamel fluoride concentration was measured before, 1 week after a single application or two applications of the lacquer performed with a 1-week interval, and 6 months after two applications. At the depths of 0.5 and 2.0 μm from the enamel surface, the mean fluoride levels increased by about 1,600 and 1,200 ppm (p < 0.001), respectively, after one application, and about 2,800 and 1,800 ppm (p < 0.002), respectively, after two applications. 6 months after two applications, 701 and 50% (p < 0.001) of the fluoride acquired at the two depths, respectively, seemed to be lost, indicating that a substantial part of the fluoride retained 1 week after treatment was not permanently bound in the ename

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260443

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A reaction calorimeter has been used to measure heats of interaction between hydroxyapatite and a number of ionic species in solution. The technique has demonstrated substantial differences in heat output between fluoride and monofluorophosphate when interacting with hydroxyapatite. It was also possible to detect competition in reaction systems and thereby obtain information regarding reaction mechanisms.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260444

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Artificially produced incipient lesions of bovine enamel were treated in vitro with several concentrations of sodium monofluorophosphate for various times up to 24 h. Analysis of eight layers of enamel removed with acid showed that F concentrations in treated teeth were higher within the lesion than at the surface. Longer treatment times or higher F concentrations increased F uptake but did not alter the basic shape of the enamel F profile (F concentration, vs. depth). Lesions differing in severity but similarly treated with monofluorophosphate had enamel F profiles that extended more deeply into the enamel as severity increased although the maximum F concentration in the lesion usually did not change significantly.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260445

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger