摘要:

The relative efficiencies of two diagnostic systems were compared. The first is based on a visual-tactile examination while the second is a completely visual assessment. Each was used by a different examiner to record the dental condition of 99 female adolescents taking part in a 3-year clinical trial of a caries prophylactic agent. Caries was diagnosed at three levels in both systems, allowing the data to be reported at three DMFS score levels. Both prevalence and incremental data are compared. The results of the study suggest that the diagnostic system chosen has an important effect on the precision of clinical trials of caries prophylactic agents.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260510

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 370 children aged 2–13 years, each possessing apparently reliable records of pattern of infant feeding and consumption of optimally or suboptimally fluoridated water, was examined for caries experience and fluorosis. Only 16% of children had been breast-fed exclusively and the majority had been bottle-fed with infant formula and/or cow’s milk. Among children with primary dentitions, the caries experience was directly related to the history of fluoridated water but was unrelated to the duration of breast-feeding. Those bottle-fed for more than 12 months had a, significantly greater caries experience than those bottle-fed for briefer periods. Regardless of fluoride and feeding histories, no primary dentition showed fluorosis. Among mixed dentitions, 35% showed questionable to mild fluorosis. Ranking of feeding patterns indicated the lowest mean fluorosis index (0.08) for children breast-fed for 3 months or more; those breast-fed for less than 3 months were similar to those bottle-fed for less than 12 months (0.14, 0.16), and the highest index was for those bottle-fed more than 12 months (0.27). Dentitions with a fluorosis index of 0.12 or less showed a statistically significant association between their feeding histories and the water consumed. The study demonstrates the importance of total dietary intake of fluoride in the early years and indicates the need for awareness of all the potential sources of fluoride in a child’s

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260511

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Exposure of both small carious lesions and artificial caries-like lesions to a synthetic calcifying fluid in vitro produced a significant degree of ‘healing’ or remineralization of the lesion. Changing the calcium concentration of the calcifying fluid had a marked effect on the degree of remineralization produced. When a low calcium concentration of 1 mM was employed, remineralization occurred throughout the entire depth of a lesion. Under these conditions, there was a mean reduction of 69% in area of the body of the lesion and a mean increase of 40% in orientated mineral. The dark zone at the advancing front of the lesion showed a dramatic increase in area of 526% and was much closer to the enamel surface relative to the control. When higher calcium ion concentrations of 3 mM were used, remineralization occurred but was limited to the surface of the lesion. Under these conditions, the mean reduction in area of the body of the lesion was 20%, brought about by a mean increase in orientated mineral of 17%. Although changes were found in relation to the dark zone, these were much smaller than those found for the 1-mM fluid, the increase in area being 38%. With respect to exposure times, results obtained using ten consecutive 24-hour exposures to the synthetic calcifying fluid were similar to those obtained after ten consecutive 1-hour exposures. Remineralization, therefore, occurred within each 1-hour exposure increment. Scanning electron microscopy showed that crystal diameters for sound enamel were in the range 35–40 nm. In the body of the lesion crystal diameters were reduced and found to be in the range 10–30 nm. In lesions remineralized with the high calcium-calcifying fluid containing 3 mM calcium, crystal diameters were larger than those found in either control lesions or in sound enamel, being in the range 50–75 nm. When the low calcium-calcifying fluid was used, remineralized lesions showed crystal diameters in the range 50–150 nm with a small number of crystals having diameters of 200 nm. Calculation of the supersaturation of the calcifying fluids revealed that the low calcium-calcifying fluid having 1 mM calcium favors crystal growth as opposed to

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260512

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In vitro fluoride by depth profiles were obtained from sound enamel windows and from adjacent enamel windows after caries-like enamel lesion formation. The caries-like lesions were created using the acidified gelatin gel system. Thus, the redistribution of the indigenous enamel fluoride was assessed without exogenous F contamination. During lesion formation the high surface level of fluoride seen in sound enamel was depleted and there was an increase in the fluoride concentration in the body of the lesion. An exogenous source of fluoride deposited more fluoride into the surface zone of the lesion relative to sound enamel.

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260513

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch by salivary α-amylase, its time dependence and influence on plaque acid production was investigated. Analysis of the composition of starch digests was performed with gel filtration chromatography. Wheat starch in solution, in bread and in biscuit was hydrolyzed rapidly mainly to maltose, maltotriose and limit dextrins. In vivo enzymatic degradation of wheat starch caused marked drops in interdental plaque pH to 4.75 measured by intraoral plaque pH telemetry, most probably as the result of the fermentation of low molecular weight maltodextrins by plaque bacteria. On this basis starch may contribute to cariogenesis

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260514

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260515

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0008-6568    

DOI:10.1159/000260516

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger