ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ankle arthroscopy is an increasingly useful technique for dealing with a wide range of ankle pathology. Improvements in technique and instrumentation are expanding the range of diagnostic and therapeutic indications for arthroscopy of the ankle. Indications include removal of loose bodies, debridement and drilling of osteochondral defects, relief of anterior tibiotalar impingement, lysis of adhesions and arthrodesis. Reconstruction of lateral ankle instability is currently investigational but may some day be a common procedure. A review of ankle arthroscopy, as well as the currently accepted indications, is presented with a brief review of the literature. The techniques for the most common indications are described. The complications and indications for referral are discussed.

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Arthroscopy of the shoulder has developed during the last decade to play a major role in diagnoses and treatment of a variety of shoulder disorders. In most incidences, arthroscopy is required at the time of shoulder surgery to refine the final diagnosis. In over 75% of the cases are arthroscopic methods used for surgical repair of the shoulder pathology. This article describes the indications for surgery as well as the techniques to treat rotator cuff disease label injuries, etc. with the arthroscope. The arthroscopic techniques dealing with subacromial decompression and instability is described.

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Performance tests and measurements of maximal aerobic capacity were performed during the competition period in elite cross‐country skiers. Muscle biopsies were taken in the middle of January. Histochemical fibre typing, determination of fibre areas and number of capillaries as well as assays for citrate synthetase (CS), 3‐hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (HAD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDHtotand LDH1–2) were performed on biopsies from the triceps brachii (TRI) and vastus lateralis muscles (VAS). The relative percentage of slow‐twitch fibres was 51.3 and 68.6 in TRI and VAS, respectively. The FTa fibre area in TRI was significantly larger than in VAS. No differences were found in the number of capillaries per fibre in TRI (2.7) and VAS (2.5). The number of capillaries per area was significantly lower in TRI (373) as compared to VAS (422). The LDHtotenzyme level was significantly higher in TRI than VAS, while the oxidative enzyme activities (CS and HAD) were significantly lower in TRI as compared with VAS. From all independent variables, only the maximal aerobic power was related significantly to performance time. The difference in maximal aerobic power between the skiers could explain 45% of the total variance in perf

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In several studies estimated energy intake has been found to be low compared with estimated energy expenditure in female athletes. It has therefore been suggested that female athletes may have a depressed basal energy expenditure (BMR). The main purpose of the present study was to explore this possibility by measuring BMR in physically extremely active females. Eight female dancers and 7 controls with low physical activity, all musicians, were studied; the variables measured included body weight, height, skinfold thickness and total body potassium. BMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. In conclusion, the present study lends no support to the idea of a lowered basal metabolic rate in female athletes as an explanation of the general finding of a lower estimated energy intake than energy expenditure in this type of subjects.

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This double‐blind placebo‐crossover study examined the effect of nedocromil sodium, 4 mg aerosol 30 min before challenge, on exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in cold air conditions. Twenty‐one asthmatic patients (15–28 years), with methacholine PC20≤8 mg/ml in the absence of significant allergen exposure, were randomized to active and placebo therapy on separate study days. Pulmonary function, measured up to 20 min after exercise, showed significantly less deterioration with nedocromil sodium, which effectively halved the maximum percentage decline in forced expiratory volume in the first second. EIB was increased by cold air, whereas an ancillary study in 15 healthy volunteers (18–19 years) showed no such effects. We conclude that prior inhalation of nedocromil sodium diminished cold air‐exacerbated EIB in young adult ast

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To assess the effect of physical exercise during an acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) on bronchial responsiveness, methacholine bronchial challenge tests were performed prospectively in 19 nonasthmatic male crosscountry skiers and 22 healthy control subjects with minimal physical activity. Twelve skiers and 10 controls contracted RTI and were studied before and 1, 3 and 6 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The skiers were given no restrictions in their training routines during the period of illness. The geometric mean provocation concentration of methacholine causing a 10% fall in the forced expiratory volume in the first second (PC10), was lower 1 week after onset of infection than at the initial test in the skiers. From the level at 1 week, PC10increased to levels at 3 and 6 weeks after infection. The PC10values at 3 and 6 weeks were not significantly different from the initial test. No significant changes in PC10occurred after infection in the control group. No significant changes in pulmonary function tests were found during the study period in either of the two groups. In conclusion, RTI was associated with a transient increase in bronchial responsiveness in athletes performing physical training during the symptomatic period of respiratory illness but not in nonactive control subjects.

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the years 1980–1989, 450 patients with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture were treated at the University Hospital of Tampere, Finland. ACL ruptures were diagnosed by arthroscopy or open surgery. The data were analyzed in terms of patient age, sex, injury etiology, injury type and sports activity to determine the trends in the 1980s. The number of ACL tears seen in the Hospital increased by 247% over this period. Sixty‐three percent of the patients were male (mean age 33 years) and 37% female (mean age 39 years), and there were no changes in the sex and age distribution in 1980s. The most common injury type was the isolated ACL rupture (51%), followed by a combination injury of the ACL and medial collateral ligament (38%). Isolated ACL ruptures in the 1980s increased 6.5 times. Sports accounted for 54% of all injuries with out any sign of change in their relative proportion in 1980s. The most common sports causing the rupture were soccer (29%), downhill skiing (20%), cross‐country skiing (12%) and volleyball (12%). From 1980 to 1989, there was a decrease (2 times) in ACL injuries sustained in crosscountry skiing and a substantial (30 times) increase in ACL injuries sustained in downhill s

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of longstanding posttraumatic anterolateral shoulder pain in a 25‐year‐old woman is presented. It was primarily unsuccessfully handled as impingement syndrome but turned out to be caused by pseudarthrosis of the acromion. The abnormality was not apparent on plain X‐ray film. The suspicion was raised after scintigraphy, which showed increased density in the acromion. The diagnosis was made by computerized tomography and confirmed and treated successfully surgi

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0905-7188    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY