摘要:

Male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia) is a common problem. In fact, it affects nearly all males to some degree. Expression of the disorder is variable, and while it is never life‐threatening, it often becomes a major source of consternation. The biology of the process is poorly understood, and no current therapy can halt or reverse the process. Only cosmetic surgery, which is painful, time consuming, and expensive, has been effective. In the past 7 years, since it was noted that a patient taking minoxidil for hypertension had reversal of male pattern hair loss, awareness of a possible therapeutic role for topical minoxidil in the management of this disorder has grown among physicians, scientists, and the general public. It can be concluded from available data that topical application of minoxidil is effective in providing cosmetically satisfying thickening of hair in a select group of individuals with male pattern hair loss. The drug's mechanism of action remains obscure. No serious side effects have been demonstrated with its use, however, and it is therefore advised in selected patient

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lovastatin is a potent new drug for lowering serum cholesterol through inhibition of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl—coenzyme A reductase, the rate‐limiting enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis. Metabolic studies with lovastatin in healthy volunteers and patients with hypercholesterolemia suggest reduced synthesis of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) as well as enhanced catabolism LDL‐C mediated through LDL receptors as the principal mechanisms for lipid‐lowering effects. Total cholesterol and LDL‐C are reduced by 30% or more on average when added to baseline therapy, with the effects being more pronounced in nonfamilial than in familial hypercholesterolemia. Optimal dosing appears to be 20 mg given twice a day. The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal, while the most serious are elevated transaminase levels and the potential for lens opacities. Lovastatin is the first of a new class of lipid‐lowering agents, and is effective when added to diet therapy or in combina

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The extent of flurbiprofen's excretion into mature (postcolostrum) breast milk was evaluated in 10 healthy, nursing mothers after administration of a single 100‐mg tablet. Samples of milk and blood were subsequently obtained over a 48‐hour period and assayed for flurbiprofen by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The average peak plasma flurbiprofen concentration, 15 μg/ml, occurred at 1.5 hours, and the harmonic mean half‐life of the drug was 5.8 hours. The average peak milk concentration of flurbiprofen was 0.09 μg/ml, and the maximum recovery of the dose in breast milk was o

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03527.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The acute hemodynamic effects of intravenous methyldopa were studied in six patients with chronic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class IV) at 4–6 hours after a 750‐mg bolus (period A) and 6–12 hours after a maintenance infusion of 1–2 mg/minute (period B). For period A, the most consistent and striking finding was a significant (48%) fall in pulmonary wedge pressure (33 ± 6 to 17 ± 2 mm Hg; p<0.05). Stroke volume increased 39% (23 ± 3 to 32 ± 4 ml/m2; p<0.05), while peripheral vascular resistance decreased 15% (3331 ± 363 to 2841 ± 241 dynes·s·cm−5; p<0.05). Heart rate fell from 97 ± 7 to 76 ± 3 beats/minute (p<0.05) with a nonsignificant decline in mean right atrial pressure (18 ± 4 to 9 ± 1 mm Hg). These hemodynamic changes were either sustained or enhanced during period B. Concomitant clinical improvement was also noted. As an agent with potent vasodilatory and antiadrenergic properties, methyldopa permitted a rise in stroke volume by virtue of unloading and possible inhibition of sympathetic activity that led to increased density of beta‐adrenergic receptors of the heart (up‐regulation). Significant reduction of ventricular filling pressure was attributed to venodilation and probable improved diastolic function. In selected patients with severe congestive heart failure, particularly underscored by excessive sympathetic tone, methyldopa may be considered as an alternative agent to improve cardiac performance an

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03528.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 33‐year‐old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome received ganciclovir for presumed cytomegalovirus retinitis. Although results of baseline liver function tests were abnormal, marked elevations of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase occurred when the drug was first instituted, as well as after rechallenge. These elevated laboratory values declined on each occasion that the drug was withdrawn. As no other toxic or infectious insults could clearly be incriminated in these acute, self‐limited episodes of hepatic function abnormalities, ganciclovir was most likely responsible for the toxicity observed in this pa

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03529.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY