ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty patients with congestive heart failure underwent hemodynamic studies before and over 10 hours after the administration of 25, 50, and 75 mg of indoramin, an alpha1‐adrenergic antagonist. Hemodynamic studies were repeated during exercise after the administration of the optimal dose of indoramin. The drug reduced resting and exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, right atrial pressure, systemic blood pressure and vascular resistance, and pulmonary artery pressure and vascular resistance. Resting and exercise stroke volume and cardiac output rose in response to the fall in vascular resistances. Heart rate was not altered at rest or during exercise. The first dose of the alpha1blocker indoramin elicits a significant reduction in ventricular preload and afterload and augmentation of ventricular performance in patients with congestive heart failur

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐one patients who were prescribed vancomycin therapy at our institution since January 1, 1986, were dosed using the guidelines as described by Lake and Peterson. Peak and trough vancomycin serum concentrations were measured at steady state: 24 (77%) peak serum concentrations were within the range of 20–30 mg/L, and 24 (77%) trough serum concentrations were within the range of 5–10 mg/L. We have found that the method of Lake and Peterson is satisfactory for initiating vancomycin therapy in most patients. Some, however, may not achieve optimal serum concentrations using these guidelines alone, and their regimens may have to be adjusted based upon actual serum concentration

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Simultaneous administration of cimetidine and many benzodiazepine anxiolytics has resulted in decreased body clearance and marked prolongation of the half‐life of these agents. The pharmacokinetic interaction of buspirone, a new nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic, and cimetidine was studied in 10 healthy male volunteers. Each received, in order, buspirone 45 mg/day (days 1–7), no drug (days 8–14), cimetidine 1 g/day (days 15–21), buspirone 45 mg/day plus cimetidine 1 g/day (days 22–28), and cimetidine 1 g/day (days 29–31). Buspirone and 1‐pyrimidinyl piperazine (1‐PP), an active metabolite, pharmacokinetics, urinary excretion of cimetidine, a manual dexterity test, the Stroop color‐word interference test, and a visual analog mood scale were evaluated on each treatment. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences among treatments for any measurement except for a slight (31%) but significant (p<0.05) increase in the 1‐PP Cmaxvalue. These results suggest that within the normal therapeutic dosage ranges for both drugs, it is unlikely that a clinically significant interaction betw

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hypoprothrombinemia is a relatively uncommon event in the hospitalized patient. When it does occur, it often is associated with surgery, dietary vitamin K deficiency, renal dysfunction, malignancy, and broad‐spectrum antibiotic therapy. Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for antibiotic‐associated hypoprothrombinemia, including eradication of gastrointestinal bacteria, direct inhibition of vitamin K‐dependent coagulation, and indirect inhibition of coagulation. The anecdotal reports and comparative studies of antibiotic‐associated hypoprothrombinemia were reviewed; these usually implicated broad‐spectrum or the use of several antibiotics. The increased frequency of hypoprothrombinemia associated with moxalactam and cefoperazone also raises questions about the role of theirN‐methylthiotetrazole (NMTT) side chains. The hypoprothrombinemia associated with NMTT antibiotics does not occur in healthy volunteers and is rare in patients without complicating conditions. Although NMTT inhibits vitamin K‐dependent carboxylation in vitro, the parent cephalosporins do not. It is not clear whether NMTT‐containing antibiotics liberate sufficient amounts of NMTT in vivo to antagonize clotting in patients. Thus, although moxalactam, and possibly cefoperazone, may in some cases be responsible for increases in prothrombin time, the most important question for further study is whether the newer NMTT‐containing antiobiotics pose a risk of hypoprothrombinemia that is greater than that of antibiotics lackin

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1987.tb03522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY