ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Amiodarone is a benzofuran derivative that has been effective for the treatment of both supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. It has a large volume of distribution, moderate bioavailability and a long half‐life. Its pharmacokinetics are not well understood and its tissue distribution is not typical of a 2‐compartment model. Due to ocular, dermatologic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, cardiovascular, thyroid and pulmonary toxicity, amiodarone should be reserved for use in patients with refractory and/or life‐threatening arrhyt

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03436.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The elderly comprise one of the fastest growing populations in the United States. By the year 2020, an estimated 45 million will be classified as elderly. Aging is a highly variable process as declines occur in physiologic functions. Alterations in cardiovascular, renal and hepatic function have the greatest effect on drug therapy. All pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables may be altered by age. Adverse drug reactions, drug interactions and poor compliance are frequent and may further complicate drug therapy. A review of those processes that commonly influence pharmacologic response and patient compliance to drug therapy is appropriate.

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03437.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Corticosteroids have been used for over 3 decades in the treatment of asthma. There are theoretic reasons and long‐standing clinical support for their use, but little in the way of good objective data on their efficacy. I have reviewed this information and concluded that notwithstanding rare side effects, corticosteroids should be used in acute asthma, and objective data exist to support this premis

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03438.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03439.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate the steady‐state bioequivalence of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic agent, diflunisal, administered once versus twice daily, 13 healthy volunteers received diflunisal as follows: (1) 1000 mg at 8:00 am and (2) 500 mg at 8:00 am and 8:00 pm, each for 14 days in a randomized crossover study. The mean (± SD) steady‐state peak plasma concentrations were significantly greater after once‐daily dosing (186 ± 25 μg/ml vs 150 ± 37 μg/ml; p<0.01). The time to peak concentration was also longer after the single‐dose regimen (2.5 ± 0.8 vs 1.9 ± 0.9 hr; p<0.05). The regimens were similar with respect to the mean 24‐hour area under the plasma concentration‐time curve at steady state (2839 ± 612 vs 2782 ± 778 μg·hr·ml−1), steady‐state plasma concentrations (118 ± 25 vs 116 ± 32 μg/ml), trough plasma concentration (85 ± 27 vs 92 ± 28 μg/ml) as well as 24‐hour urinary excretion (776 ± 79 vs 771 ± 89 mg) of diflunisal. Based on urinary recoveries, the bioequivalence ratio (once vs twice daily) was 1.01 ± 0.08. These results indicate that diflunisal administered once daily might offer comparable therapeutic effects but be more

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03440.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Vancomycin dosing regimens should be individualized for each patient. The routine use of standard doses 500 mg every 6 hours or 1.0 g every 12 hours regardless of patients' age, weight or kidney function is no longer appropriate. A simplified method for initiating vancomycin therapy was developed and evaluated prospectively in 30 patients. Average doses of 8.3 ± 0.6 mg/kg lean body weight (rounded to the nearest 50 mg) were administered to patients with varying degrees of renal function (estimated creatinine clearances 19–113 ml/min). The dosing interval was predicted by the patient's estimated creatinine clearance. Our simplified schedule resulted in desired serum levels and required no modification in 25 of 30 patients. Only slight dosage changes were needed in the remaining five patients. Mean peak and trough serum concentrations of vancomycin were 26.9 ± 5.8 μg/ml (range 18.8–39.7 μg/ml) and 7.7 ± 2.0 μg/ml (range 4.5–11.8 μg/ml) respectively. Our regimen is practical and simple and requires limited patient

ISSN:0277-0008    

DOI:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1985.tb03441.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY