ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Several investigations have been performed to evaluate the mid-term results of coil embolization for patent ductus arteriosus. Excellent results were obtained with coils if the minimum diameter of the ductus was less than 4 mm. Balloon dilation of native coarctation and recoarctation may be associated with complications such as aneurysm formation. Stent placement may solve some of the problems of balloon dilation, but the stents currently available are not perfect. Results of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect using new devices have been were reported. The self-expanding nitinol double-disk device (Amplatzer septal occluder) (AGA Medical Corporation, Golden Valley, Minnesota) is becoming popular because it is easy to implant, is easy to retrieve before its release, can occlude a relatively large defect, and has a low rate of residual leak. Although the immediate results with this device were excellent, surgical closure is still the standard treatment and we need to see the long-term results of transcatheter closure.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of death in children with heart disease. Increasingly, dilated cardiomyopathy is recognized to be familial, and specific gene products related to the myocyte cytoskeleton and contractile proteins have been identified. Other associations with metabolic disease, dysmorphic syndromes, and neuromuscular disease are important to establish, particularly in pediatric patients, to guide therapy and patient selection for transplantation. Survival in children with dilated cardiomyopathy depends on accurate diagnosis and aggressive therapy. Patients may respond to conventional treatment for heart failure or may deteriorate, requiring mechanical support. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been used effectively for mechanical support in children until improvement occurs or as a bridge to transplantation. For those who are listed, the mortality rate while waiting for a donor organ averages approximately 20%. Survival after transplantation is good, with an intermediate survival rate of approximately 70%. Late survival remains to be determined in the current cyclosporin era but may in fact be improving. However, increased organ donation or strategies to increase the size of the organ donor pool, such as xenotransplantation, are needed to significantly reduce the rate of mortality while waiting.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Imaging algorithms in congenital heart disease, as in the patient with acquired heart diseases continue to evolve, with more and more information gleaned noninvasively. The emphasis will be on the newer aspects of imaging, not cross sectional echocardiography with color Doppler.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

General agreement has been reached on the indications for treating most congenital cardiac malformations. Strong disagreement exists, however, about timing and methods of treatment, either for congenital heart defects, for which the approach should be standardized after years of use, and even more when a new technique or a new approach is introduced to replace the existing ones. The ideal solution should be to perform prospective, randomized studies, with long-term follow-up, possibly with preliminary experimental studies to support the hypothesis. Unfortunately this is rarely possible, either because of the nonreproducibility of the malformation in an experimental environment, or because prospective, randomized studies with adequate follow-up are rarely feasible, due to the relatively small number of children with the same congenital heart defect. An updated review of the current trends in congenital heart surgery, based on the papers published in the past year, is presented here.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Available data suggest that hypertensive cardiopathy is principally determined by the phenoconversion that allows the myocyte to adapt to the new working conditions by re-expressing a fetal program. Nevertheless, in clinical conditions, the scheme is different. The above phenotype is modified by trophic factors, which originate from ischemia, senescence, diabetes, genetics, or neurohormonal reactions. This review only focuses on some of the most recent advances concerning the permanent changes in the myocyte. Changes in extracellular matrix have been excluded. Recently, emphasis has been on the kinetic basis of the myocardial dysfunction at the myosin level, the potential therapeutic utilization of transferring the adrenergic receptor gene, the participation of NO synthases in the adaptational process, the existence of an abnormal excitation–contraction coupling due to a redistribution of Ca2+sparks, the role of the microtubule as a determinant of sarcomere motion, and the multifactorial origin of cell death by apoptosis.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A substantial amount of new information concerning salt-sensitivity of blood pressure in humans has appeared in the recent past. This review discusses recent studies examining two techniques used for the assessment of salt sensitivity as well as several studies attempting to identify specific genetic factors associated with variations in the blood pressure responses to alterations in sodium and extracellular fluid volume. New observations related to the demographics, physiology, and mechanisms for these varied responses are also presented.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures are the exclusive mechanical factors usually considered as predictors of cardiovascular risk in populations of normotensive and hypertensive subjects at large. However, if hypertension is considered as a mechanical factor acting on the arterial wall with substantial deleterious consequences, the totality of the blood pressure curve should be considered in order to investigate the cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this review is to show that in addition to systolic and diastolic blood pressures, other hemodynamic indices that have particular relevance for cardiac complications and that originate from pulsatile pressure should be taken into account, with important consequences in cardiovascular epidemiology and in the pathophysiology of hypertensive end-organ damage.

ISSN:0268-4705    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID