摘要:

AbstractCorrosion product transport in a water‐cooled nuclear reactor causes gamma‐radiation fields to grow around the heat transport circuit. An hypothesis is given which identifies some of the mechanisms causing radiation field growth in a CANDU direct‐cycle, boiling water reactor. Overall, predictions from a mathematical model of the hypothesis agree well with data. Comparisons are made for deposit weights of iron on fuel sheaths and for radionuclide specific activities in deposits on the fuel sheaths of the CANDU prototype direct‐cycle, boiling water reactor at Gentilly, Quebec. As well, radionuclide specific activities measured in particles in the water, and in deposits in the steam drums are compared with the model. Filtration of corrosion products from the reactor feedwater is suggested as one way to control radiation field

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe highly coloured compounds found in the caustic extraction effluents of kraft mill bleach plants can be removed by chemical reaction with trivalent metal ions (Me3+). At pH 2.8, these ions react stoichiometrically with carboxylic acid groups (A−) on the lignin compounds to form moderately soluble MeA3salts. Above pH 2.8, hydroxyl ions compete with the A−groups to form highly insoluble hydroxy metal salts. Maximum colour removals of 99.6 and 98.8% were obtained for an effluent containing 12000 APHA colour units treated with 7 mol/m3of Al3+at pH 5.0 and Fe3+at pH 3.3, respectiv

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560112

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe activated sludge process might be used in the very near future to treat the waste liquors from small bisulfite mills in Canada, as a mean of controlling water pollution. These mills produce normally less than 300 t/d of pulp. It was found that the bio‐sludge solids from such a process, when used to treat such waste liquor, contained approximately 38% protein, 47% carbohydrates, some vitamins and sufficient quantities of essential minerals. This bio‐substance, a mixed‐culture in nature, could be considered as a good source of single‐cell protein. The nutritive value in terms of protein efficiency ratio of this substance was tested with rats; good results were obtained when the biomass was slightly supplemented with methionine.Described in this paper is a system used in our laboratory to produce this biomass in a sterile and dried form. The conversion of carbohydrates contained in waste pulping liquor to biomass was carried out in a 400‐l, aerated, continuous‐flow tank reactor. Under the operating conditions studied the sludge yield coefficient was 0.53 g of biomass/g of carbohydrates removed. A cash return study of selling biomass is also presented for two mills producing high‐ and low‐yield pul

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560113

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCryogenic recovery of tar from Athabasca tar sand could be an attractive alternative to the conventional hot water separation process. It is based on the fact that when frozen tar sand is ground, distinct particles of tar and sand are obtained and can be separated by elutriation. A specially designed fluidized bed grinder was developed for operation at temperatures in the range −30 to −130°C. Preliminary experiments have shown that 88% of the tar can be removed from the sand. Improved results can be expected after further optimization of the

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560114

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pH, density, bulk viscosity and electrical conductivity of aqueous solutions of mixtures of sodium lauryl sulphate and lauryl alcohol were measured for a range of concentrations at 25°C. The influence of interface age on the interfacial tension of mutually saturated benzene/aqueous solution surfaces is also reported. The effect of impurities on various physical properties was illustrated using an impure lauryl sulphate system. A detailed comparison of these data with those reported in the literature shows satisfactory agreement above the critical micelle concentration of the sodium lauryl sulphate in water. Current data in the premicellar concentration range reveal anomalous behavior.Data reported in the literature are summarized for the pH, density, bulk viscosity, electrical conductivity, surface tension, interfacial tension with benzene, surface excess concentration, surface shear viscosity, critical micelle concentration and molecular complex formation of the sodium lauryl sulphate/lauryl alcohol aqueous solutions. The interactions of the anionic‐nonionic surfactants at fluid/fluid surfaces and their influence on the physical properties are examined. The use of such systems in the stabilization of dispersions is also discussed. Eighty‐five references are c

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560115

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560116

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560117

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560118

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560119

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450560120

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY