摘要:

AbstractStudies of mass transfer between solids and liquids for agitated vessels have been reviewed. Data from the literature correlated empirically by the Gilliland‐Sherwood correlation, regardless of the actual geometry of the apparatus, in two main categories.The velocity term in theRenumber was defined as the velocity of the rotating device, i.e., impeller, cylinder or rotating annulus. The characteristiclength term was taken as the impeller diameter in the cases of mass transfer from suspended pellets or flat surfaces, the gap‐width in the case of rotating cylinders, and the hydraulic radius of the annulus in the case of rotating vessels.The empirical correlations were found to be in general agreement with the turbulent boundary layer mechanism of mass trans

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe theory of a constant pressure vapor bubble growing in a liquid with both superheat and sub‐cooling is presented. In the case where the initial temperature profile is purely radial, bubble radius‐time curves and temperature profile near the bubble are calculated. For the case of the hemispherical bubble growing on a plane heater surface with initially plane parallel temperature distribution, it is shown that the problem may be reduced to that of radial temperature profile if the inverse thickness of the superheated layer measured along the radius vector is averaged over the surface of the bubble. It is further shown that in the latter case vaporization is always present at the foot of the bubble, but condensation may occur near the top where the bubble penetrates furthest into the subcooled liq

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hydraulic characteristics of a 12 in. diameter sieve plate have been studied and data are presented for plate pressure drop, clear liquid head on the plate and foam height, measured over a range of gas and liquid phase rates and outlet weir heights.The mass transfer performance of the plate, as expressed in terms of an equivalent number of transfer units, was measured for conditions of both gas and liquid film control over a similar range of operating variables. The number of transfer units are shown to be directly related to the appropriate phase contact time on the plate.The equations developed by A.I.Ch.E., to correct for back mixing effects on the plate efficiency, have been found to under‐estimate the degree of mixing on the plate used, and hence predict lower liquid efficiencies than might be expected from a comparison with literature value

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relative efficiencies of water, sodium carbonate solutions (0.025 to 0.4 M), and triethanolamine solutions (0.05 to 1.0 M) for the removal of carbon dioxide from air containing up to 12% of the gas, at 40–50°F., was determined using 12 in. diameter towers packed to a depth of 40 in. with 1‐in. Raschig rings. Coefficients of absorption for sodium carbonate and triethanolamine solutions were 30–60% less than comparable coefficients for water. Desorption coefficients for sodium carbonate and triethanolamine solutions were larger than absorption coefficients under comparable conditions but somewhat less than desorption coefficients for water, except for dilute conditions. Desorption coefficients for dilute solutions (less than 0.15 M) were up to three times as large as those for water. These results indicate that the use of sodium carbonate or triethanolamine solutions instead of water (as frequently used at present) would permit the use of smaller desorption equipment in applications such as scrubber systems for the removal of carbon dioxide from controlled atmosphere storage rooms for fruits and vegetables.Solubility data for carbon dioxide in sodium carbonate and triethanolamine solutions at temperatures and carbon dioxide partial pressures of interest in this study were also dete

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method has been developed for the prediction of the critical temperature and pressure of any pure substance from its reliable vapor pressure data. These data are used to determine the constantsA, B, C, andDof the substance for the Frost‐Kalwarf equation. The critical temperature of the substance is then calculated from the constantsBandC. The critical pressure is calculated by substituting the values ofA, B, C, and the calculated critical temperature into the Frost‐Kalwarf equation applied at the critical point.This approach was used to calculate critical constants for 64 non‐hydrogen bonding substances of all types which were primarily hydrocarbons. An average deviation of 0.59% resulted for the critical temperature and 3.18% for the critical pre

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA brief literature review, covering most of the major studies of fiber suspension drainage is given and it is found that a basic knowledge of the process is lacking when the flow is predominantly turbulent. The conventional viscous flow model of drainage is summarized for comparison purposes, and then a new theory, derived for the purpose of predicting fiber suspension drainage properties in the turbulent regime as a function of fiber, fiber mat and machine characteristics, is presented and discussed.A theoretical model of turbulent drainage is adopted, for which it is assumed that pressure drops arise predominantly due to turbulent dissipation rather than to viscous shear stress losses, and for which the resistance is proportional to the square of the drainage rate. A turbulent resistance function is thus formulated, relating drainage resistance characteristics to certain basic fiber and fiber mat properties and involving two general parameters, which remain to be evaluated experimentally. Use of this resistance function with the appropriate equation of motion for the drainage mechanics results in formulae for the calculation of drainage profiles and properties for various machine conditions.

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKinetic studies were made of the thermal decompositions of ferric sulphate and aluminum sulphate. The reaction product gases were swept from the samples. Cylindrical pellets prepared from chemically pure anhydrous powders were used, and mathematical corrections were made to relate the reaction rate to the area of the interface between the undecomposed sulphate and the oxide product. The interface is the local of the reaction. The rate of the decomposition reaction is proportional to the area of this interface. Studies on ferric sulphate have shown that the rate of decomposition is also directly proportional to the difference between the equilibrium pressure of sulphur dioxide (or oxygen) over the sample and the partial pressure of sulphur dioxide (or oxygen) in the gas stream. The activation energies are 19.9 kcal. and 64.0 kcal. respectively for the ferric sulphate and aluminum sulphate decompositions. No oxysulphates were detected as intermediates in the transition from the normal sulphates to the oxides.

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA description is given of a practical technique for producing compact spherical agglomerates from a liquid suspension of solids following a method outlined by Farnand, Smith, and Puddington. This method involves the addition of an immiscible liquid which preferentially wets the solids and forms liquid bonds between colliding particles. Using a rotatingdrum agglomerator, pellets ranging in size from 0.020 to 0.75 in. diameter were produced from an aqueous suspension of finely‐divided graphite. The effects of operating variables such as drum load, speed of rotation, suspension and bridging liquid concentrations are described, followed by a discussion of the mechanism of particle growth. Selective agglomeration is also describe

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper is primarily concerned with the introduction of radionuclides into bodies of water as a result of nuclear reactor operations. When radioactive materials are dispersed in surface waters, several factors such as water usage and biological concentration in human food chains must be considered. Individual radiochemical determinations of the potentially hazardous nuclides in the water, particularly Sr‐90 are desirable.The off‐site water monitoring program at the Chalk River Plant of Atomic Energy of Canada is outli

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450400601

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY