摘要:

AbstractA numerical procedure is described to solve the equations for single phase, one dimensional, unsteady, compressible, frictional flow with heat transfer. The procedure is based on Hartree's ‘hybrid’ method for solving the governing hyperbolic partial differential equations. Computations for flows in a shock tube are presented which show good agreement with experimental data available for methane and ar

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReduction in energy consumption has been the main concern of the workers in the field of solid‐liquid flow. Investigators have tried to achieve this objective in various ways. Two of the well‐known methods are: the addition of polymer solutions to the solid‐liquid mixture and the fitting of helical ribs inside regular circular pipes. In the latter case, the reduction is considerable, but it results in a very low rate of transportation. Chiu and Seman have reported considerable reduction of head loss in a square duct when compared to the flow through a circular pipe.In the present work, an experimental study has been underaken to compare the head loss for solid‐liquid flow in a circular pipe, with that for rectangular ducts of four different aspects ratios (width/height ratios), keeping the cross‐sectional area of each one of them to be the same. When the perforance of a circular pipe is compared with that of the other rectangular ducts, it seems that the square duct shows a better performance in the low operating range of velocity, whereas the rectangular duct of aspect ratio 1.5 presents a still better performance, from the energy requirement point of view, for practically the entire velocity‐range within which the experiment wa

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTerminal velocity of porous spheres was experimentally measured for a Reynolds number range of 0.2 to 120 for anormalized sphere radius, β =R/Rof 15.6 to 33, whereRandkare the sphere radius and permeability, respectively. The drag coefficient for 15<β<33 was found to beCD= 24Ω/Re[1 + 0.1315Re(0.82 ‐ 0.05w)] for 0.1

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConvective heat transfer of laminar droplet flow is analyzed for a low pressure system, where latent heat of evaporation and ratio of liquid density to vapor density is high (for example, water at l atm). The droplet size is considered to be approximately constant but the vapor velocity is considered increasing along the tube. The heat transfer effect of droplets in the vapor stream is treated as distributed heat sink. Results are presented in non‐dimensional form for circular tubes, with constant wall heat flux or constant wall temperature boundary conditions. Distinct heat transfer behavior of droplet flow is reveale

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe decomposition of t‐butyl acetate on charcoal to isobutene and acetic acid is a clean, zero‐ordet reaction at temperatures of 151° to 288°C with an apparent activation energy of 90.8 kJ/mol. The rates for the 4 butyl acetates on charcoal and in the gas phase are compared. The rates on charcoal are always larger than those in the gas phase. The primary reaction products from the decomposition on charcoal and in the gas phase are acetic acid and the butene indicated by the six‐center‐ring

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe gamma function distribution is used to discuss droplet size variation for flat fan and round orifice atomizers. A technique of using multiple‐probe devices to measure droplet size, distribution and flux when the form of the distribution is known is described. Experimental results with a four‐unit conductance probe device are given for a Spraying Systems Tee‐jet operating with a slightly conducting liquid at 4.2 dm3/s and at an air velocity of 75.6 m/s. Probe results give a mass mean diameter of 68 μm while the standard photographie method gives 78 μm. A material balance using probe results gives a liquid flow of 6.0 dm3/s. The accuracy of this method is easily improved by adding more units, but the restrictions of conducting liquid and the mechanical problems of probe construction and calibration indicate that optical probes should be inves

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe three interfacial areas of a liquid drop evaporating in an immiscible continuous liquid have been measured from three‐dimensional still photographs. Five dispersed phases in water have been used.From empirical correlations for the vapour bubble open angle and eccentricity with the physical parameters of the system, the initial drop diameter and the vapour ratio, the three interfacial areas may be predicted. The maximum error in the predictions were found to be ±5.2% for the liquid‐liquid area, ± 17.1% for the vapour cap area and ±15% for the internal vapour‐liquid area for drops of initial diameters less tha

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA continuous process for recovery of spent pickle brine (SPB) by preliminary filtration on a sand bed to remove suspended solids, followed by adsorption treatment in an activated carbon column to remove color and odor‐causing organic compounds is investigated. Batch isotherm adsorption experiments revealed that the adsorption capacity of the SPB‐activated carbon system is relatively insensitive to temperature variation (about 15% drop for a temperature rise from 0 to 40°C), but quite sensitive to the effect of dilution (about 25% lower for 90% SPB solution). Regenerated activated carbon behaved similarly to fresh carbon with only slightly lowered adsorption capacity. It is estimated that a low capital investment of 0.08 cent per liter of recycled treated SPB is required for a plant with a 190 000 L/d capacity. This cost is much lower than that of fresh salt, and thus will be defrayed by savings on recycled

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults of an experimental study on the aerodynamics of a vertically vibrated fluidized bed of cross‐section 0.2 × 0.2 m are presented and discussed. Variables studied included frequency (0‐105 s−1), amplitude (0‐5xl0−3m), bed height (12.5‐100×10−3m), particle size (900‐3900 μm), particle density (570‐890 kgm−3), particle shape factor (0.55‐1.00) and the particle surface characteristics, i.e. presence of surface moisture.The effect of vibrational parameters on the fluidized bed pressure drop, the newly defined minimum mixing velocity,Ummand overall aerodynamic behaviour of the bed is discussed on the basis of quantitative as well as visual observations. Empirical correlations are proposed for δPmfandUmm, which were both found to decrease significantly with increase in the

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral pitch materials and a petroleum coke were added to coke oven charges in an attempt to make good metallurgical coke from Canadian coal of poor coking quality. Coal and petroleum pitches were added to a low fluid western Canadian coal of medium volatile bituminous rank, and the blends coked in a technical‐scale moveable wall test oven having a 230‐kg charge capacity. Pitches improved coke tumble test indices, the principal coke quality parameter related to blast furnace performance. Varying levels of petroleum coke were added to an eastern Canadian coal of high volatile bituminous rank, and the blends, some partially briquetted, were carbonized in a test oven. Tumble indices of coke from the partially briquetted charges approached an acceptable level. These investigations confirm that petroleum products as well as coal derivative can play a useful part in the production of a metallurgical strength coke from poor or non‐coking

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450580310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY