摘要:

AbstractThe effect of liquid viscosity on the rate of rise of a large gas bubble through stagnant liquid in a tube is shown to be limited to that on the film flow past the bubble on the wall of the tube. A criterion of similarity between the shapes of bubbles in different liquids is obtained experimentally which enables development of a correlation for the velocities of rise. This correlation is shown to be in good agreement with experimental results for systems in which the effects of surface tension and liquid viscosity on the frontal flow are negligible.

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430501

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaterial balance considerations define a relation between the voidage in gas‐liquid slug flow and the linear velocity of the gas bubbles for flow in a vertical tube. To utilize this relation for the correlation of gas content or voidage, a model is proposed for the liquid flow around an individual gas bubble taking into account the effect of liquid viscosity. While the model is not solvable analytically, a form for the correlation of bubble velocities in moving streams of liquid is developed from the material balance on the liquid. This correlation is found to describe experimental results from all flow pattern

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRheological data have been obtained on a polyisobutylene melt using a new type of double cone and plate rheometer. These data indicate the presence of two regions of flow behavior, exhibiting significantly different flow activation energies. Normal entanglement flow is encountered in one of these regions. The other is apparently dominated by a different mechanism which results in lower activation energies. A model of rotating flow units is proposed and applied to describe the latter region.

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA mechanism which accounts for the formation and maintenance of two‐phase annular flow in horizontal pipes is proposed and tested experimentally. Time‐average circumferential and axial components of the film velocity were measured.Dispersion of liquid in the circumferential and axial directions and the interchange of droplets between the liquid film and gas core was studied. A pseudo steady state model was derived to describe the dispersion processes.This model was used to predict the distribution of salt downstream from a point source of salt solution located in the annular film. Experimental measurements of salt conntration using an electrical conductivity probe were in cord with values predicted by the mo

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA proposed model for predicting heat transfer from a wall to a fluidized bed by particle convection has been based on particle velocities and radial temperature profiles. Solutions for two cases have been obtained:Case I: The thermal resistance in the particles is small relative to that of the film surrounding them.Case II: The resistance to heat transfer in the particle is of the same order as that in the surrounding film.These solutions have been used to calculate particle convective heat transfer coefficients for water‐fluidized beds of 1.1 mm. and 1.53 mm. diameter glass spheres. The results are compared with reported experimental data, and indicate that particle convective transfer is 50 to 60% of the total heat transfer for Case II, and 30 to 40% for Case I.In some liquid‐fluidizing systems, the thermal conductivity of the particles should have an effect, and the reason this has not been found experimentally is sugges

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCocurrent downward flow of a bed of particles in a fluid medium through straight tubes with an orifice and a gradually converging cone at the lower end, was studied. Two dimensionless groups, i.e., effluent flow ratio defined as the ratio of particle flow rate to total flow rate, and Reynolds number, have been correlated for intermediate flow region. For low flow rate region, however, excess flow rate of liquid, was found to control the effluent flow ratio.Such a correlation serves as a terminal condition, and enables one to predict the absolute particle flow rate in a pressurized flow system, when used together with conventional moving bed correlations.

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCorrelations have been developed for the prediction of vapor‐liquid equilibrium constants of methane‐free binary hydrocarbon mixtures. Each of these correlations has been associated with the parameter t, and presents relationships between the normalized reduced state variables, β/β0andPR/PRS, for constant reduced temperatures.Kvalues have been calculated and were compared with experimental values for the three binary systems, n‐butane—n‐heptane (τ = 1.36), ethane—n‐butane (τ = 1.48), and ethane—n‐heptane (τ = 2.02) used to develop the correlations of this study. These comparisons produced an average deviation of 5.03% for 80 points. Checks have been carried out on five other systems of a different nature to produce an average deviation of 6.65% fo

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study has been made of the rates of absorption of ethylene into aqueous chlorine solutions. The results are reported graphically as enhancement factors which have been compared with the predictions of the Hatta theory and with a simple model based on slow chemical reaction and diffusion of the main reactants. At lower temperatures the proposed model provides a reasonable description of the reaction accompanied mass transfer and yielded a rate constant for the formation of ethylene chlorohydrin; at 20 °C. and above, the Hatta model is sufficient.Studies were made using solutions with increased concentrations of hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid and the catalytic effect of glass and gas liquid surfaces was studied

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA theoretical model of a gas stream flowing co‐currently with a liquid film is established. The model is used to analyse the experimental results obtained for the co‐current flow of an air stream and a thin water film in a vertical rectangular duct. The influences of the motion and non‐smooth nature of the film surface upon the air stream are isolated and values of equivalent sand roughness are deter

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe rate of formation of the tetrahydrofuran hydrate has been followed by the concentration changes in a solution having other than 17 moles of water per mole of tetrahydrofuran; the hydrate concentration. The concentration was found to vary in a stepwise manner with breaks at concentrations which correspond to water to tetrahydrofuran mole ratios of 10:1, 8:1, 7:1, 5.5:1, 5:1, 3.5:1, 3:1 and 2.5.1. For each concentration range the slope of the concentration time curve was found to be stirrer rate dependent. It is postulated that the observed results are due to hydrogen bonding in the solution, causing association complexes of definite molar ratios of water to tetrahydrofuran corresponding to the breaks in the concentration‐time curves. The rate would therefore be controlled by diffusion of reactant from one complex to the othe

ISSN:0008-4034    

DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450430510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY