摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the role of spatial pricing in the allocation of processing tomatoes from farms to the thirty‐two processing facilities located in northern and central California. A simple theoretical model illustrates that the industry's uniform pricing policy encourages market overlap and excessive transportation costs relative to FOB pricing. A nonlinear mathematical programming model is developed to determine the optimal allocation of processing tomatoes. This allocation is then compared to the estimated actual allocation. The analysis reveals foregone profits of only 1.9% from inefficient product allocation. Simulation results reveal significant competition among processors despite their separation in many cases by long distances.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243783

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChanges in maize price levels and variability in Ghana are investigated. A model of wholesale price determination is reviewed in which grain stocks are held for speculative storage as well as export to neighboring countries in the Sahel. To test the model, an Autoregressive Conditionally Heteroskedastic (ARCH) regression is applied to monthly maize data for two markets over the period 1978–93. The regression is used to measure changes in maize price volatility in Ghana, and to infer the importance of past prices, domestic and regional production, and commodity storage and trade in explaining these changes.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243784

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study develops a model of social supply, based on the hypothesis that society desires that efficient producers remain in business even if their enterprise is too small to withstand the losses caused by extreme price declines. The analysis shows that this concept can be linked to the desire of society of maintaining small producers' income above a minimum level and is consistent with a well‐behaved social welfare function. The study further argues that both social demand and social supply functions may be useful for evaluating policies and projects with socially relevant effects.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243785

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA shadow‐price profit frontier model is developed to examine production efficiency of Chinese farm households. The model incorporates price distortions but retains the advantages of stochastic frontier properties. The shadow prices and shadow profit are derived through a behavioral profit function. Empirical results using household survey data show that the conventional assumption of profit maximization based on market prices is inappropriate. Farmers' resource endowment and education influence their allocative efficiency. Family size, per capita net income, and family members operating as village leaders are positively related to households' production efficiency. Reducing market distortions should increase farm households' production efficiency.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243786

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper we provide an analysis of tax reforms along the lines of the multimarket welfare measurement techniques suggested by Just, Hueth, and Schmitz. A key purpose of our analysis is to shed light on the approximating features of partial equilibrium models. We derive a result on the difference between single and multimarket welfare measurement, showing how the difference boils down to a set of key parameters. We use our approach to analyze a proposal put forward by the Swedish Commission of Environmental Charges regarding chlorine emissions from the Swedish pulp and paper industry.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243787

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe capital investment decision is modeled and two different assumptions about expectations are compared and tested using panel data for Dutch dairy farms. The utilization of panel data allowed to account for the possibility that the intercept in the function for capital varies over the farms. The models are estimated using the generalized method of moments (GMM) for dynamic panel data. The model based on static expectations fits the data well. The results obtained from the rational expectations model are not consistent with the theory.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243788

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe impact of government institutions on the value of improved climate forecasts is examined. Results suggest that crop insurance and earned income tax credit have little effect on the expected change in after‐tax cash flows. Federal tax law has only a modest influence. As expected, the disaster program decreases the value of improved climate forecasts. With no price changes, the farm program lowers the value of the forecasts because of the acreage reduction provisions. With at least some price decreases, the farm program increases the value of climate forecasts. Here, the price supports override the acreage reduction provisions.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243789

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn econometric analysis of the demand for multiple peril crop insurance is carried out for a sample of 370 Montana wheat farms. The study is the first to model the farm's participation and coverage‐level decisions separately through Heckman two‐stage estimation procedures. These decisions are shown to be determined in different ways. In addition, farms with positive expected returns from insurance make coverage‐level decisions in different ways from farms with negative expected returns. These differences indicate that adverse selection effects limit the efficacy of across‐the‐board premium rate increases as mechanisms for reducing loss ratios.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243790

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 1993, over one‐third of Kansas wheat acres were seeded to varieties with milling and baking qualities ranked “less desirable,” stimulating interest in the determinants of wheat variety selection. Regression analysis is used to quantify the relationship between planted varieties and wheat characteristics relating to production and end‐use qualities. Results indicate that Kansas wheat producers consider end‐use qualities, production characteristics, relative yields, yield stability, and past production decisions when selecting wheat varieties. Simulation results reveal potential tradeoffs facing wheat breeders and seed dealers. Time paths of adoption are projected for potential improvements in wheat yields and quality characteristics.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243791

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the effects of both farm price support programs and federally subsidized crop insurance programs upon the profitability, capital structure, and financial survival rates of High Plains wheat producers. The alternative farm programs are analyzed in an intertemporal dynamic setting. Results indicate that the producer's first response to risk is to restrict the use of debt. Price support programs and crop insurance are substitutes in reducing producer risk. The availability of crop insurance in a setting with price supports allows producers to service higher levels of debt with no increase in risk.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1243792

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY