摘要:

AbstractThe nutrient impact of the school lunch program is examined, using the basic sample of the National Food Consumption Survey. The results clearly indicate the program's substantial positive effect on nutrient consumption by both low income and high income children. Moreover, the nutrient impact of school lunch participation is shown to be greater for low income children.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240495

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA parametric programming model is used to estimate crop production profitability of Iowa's noncropland. The model indicates that Iowa cropland is expandable by five million acres if crop prices double the 1978 level. Additional cropland expansion is less responsive to further crop price increases. The model also indicates that soil erosion from cropland expansion is greater than the state's average. However, if the model constrains soil erosion to under five tons per acre, soil erosion is greatly reduced with only slight reductions in potential cropland.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240496

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe consequences of terminating the current system of forced deliveries of rice for domestic subsidized consumption in Egypt are analyzed with farm‐level data. Under the conditions prevailing in 1979–81, impact on the marketed surplus would have been negligible due to the existence of free sales beyond quota. Producers would benefit marginally from liberalization, and part of the cost of consumer subsidies would be shifted to the government. The key source of financing consumer subsidies is the defense of rice exports and the continued price wedge between domestic and world prices, not the enforcement of deliveries for domestic consumption.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240497

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper models seed variety choice and the demand for variable inputs as jointly determined by profit‐maximizing cultivators. The approach parallels that of Hayami and Ruttan, who postulated that changes in the output‐fertilizer price ratio induce movements along a meta‐fertilizer response function, the envelope of individual variety‐specific response surfaces. Ignoring the possibility of seed variety switching leads to underestimates of fertilizer demand elasticities. In addition, estimation with samples reflecting a single seed variety may involve serious selection bias. A two‐stage procedure which adjusts for selectivity bias is used to estimate the model with farm‐level data from Java.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240498

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe impact of education in modernizing and traditional agricultures of Nepal is investigated by utilizing a production function framework. Education is found to have higher payoff to productivity in a modernizing environment than in traditional agriculture. Higher (college) education has a significant role in a modernizing environment but not in the traditional area. While both worker and allocative effects of education contribute positively to agricultural production, allocative effect surpasses worker effect in both environments. However, only the input‐allocation component of the allocative effect is important in traditional areas, while both input‐allocation and input‐selection components are crucial in a modernizing agriculture.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240499

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEmployment and income distribution consequences of farm mechanization are estimated using a semiclosed input‐output model incorporating factor intensity, consumption, and import substitution effects. Rice production and agricultural machinery vectors from the national input‐output table are disaggregated into technology specific subsectors; consumption is disaggregated into five household classes differing in consumption, savings, and imports. Simulations of a one percent change in consumer spending for rice met from one subsector compared to another indicate that indirect effects partially offset employment reduction from machinery and reinforce the employment increase from irrigation intensification. Furthermore, irrigation is found to offset the inequitable effects of mechanization.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240500

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper develops a class of partial equilibrium models capable of analyzing in a unified way a number of market‐transmitted distributional consequences of a variety of exogenous shocks in agriculture. The shocks include technical change (neutral or biased), changes in the supply of agricultural inputs or in the demand for agricultural outputs, and government interventions. The models accommodate more than two primary factors of production and more than one region with or without constraints on factor mobility.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240501

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractQuarterly U.S. feeder cattle and fed cattle prices were estimated within a rational distributed lag framework, utilizing nonstochastic difference equations to minimize problems with specification errors in the disturbance structure. The behavior of certain input and output variables in the beef market explained the price variation in each reduced form equation. The results revealed dynamic stability, with a geometric rational lag structure describing fed cattle prices and a polynomial rational lag structure characterizing feeder cattle prices. These dynamics were found to be better than both static‐serial correlation and purely autoregressive specifications.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240502

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240503

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1240504

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY