摘要:

AbstractThe industrial‐urban hypothesis has stimulated considerable empirical research on the spatial structure of agriculture. The alternative paradigm of von Thuenen has had almost no such impact on agricultural research, but has been the mainstay of urban economic analysis. The two models are compared as scientific theories of agricultural land use in an attempt to identify their similarities and contradictions. After reinterpreting several industrial‐urban studies from a von Thuenen viewpoint, an empirical discrimination between the two models is attempted with Brazilian data. A synthesis of the two paradigms provides a better explanation of agricultural structure than either alone.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239298

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sales response to advertising for the Florida citrus industry is estimated and used to explore optimal levels of advertising. Results of an optimal control model show the gains that can be realized through inter‐ and intraseasonal changes in the level of advertising expenditures. These gains are generated by using imputed prices that take into account future gains of current advertising. An optimal path of adjustment in both advertising and sales over time is obtained which provides signals for an effective advertising policy.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239299

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe gains from price stabilization are analyzed in the case where supply decisions are made before the actual market price is known and so are based on price expectations. Two expectations generating mechanisms are considered—the “adaptive” scheme and the “rational” hypothesis. In both cases price stabilization provides an overall welfare gain that is higher than when supply depends upon actual prices. The distribution of these gains among producers and consumers is shown to depend crucially upon how the expectations are generated, as well as the source and autoregressive properties of the random price fluctuations.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239300

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe impacts of major exogenous forces on the farm sector are measured using a seven equation model. Annual estimates of the parameters of an aggregate Cobb‐Douglas production function are obtained by using relative market shares. First order conditions for four groups of inputs are derived. Time series and ordinary least squares are used to estimate the supply for farm labor and the demand for farm output. Technological change, exogenous price changes, and population growth are the major exogenous influences. Roughly 90 percent of farm program benefits have accrued to landowners.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239301

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe concept of technical efficiency differences—different levels of output with identical levels of input—is unsatisfactory from a production theoretic point of view. In this paper a model is developed in which differences in non‐conventional inputs and especially information obtained by managers may explain productivity differences between firms. Estimation of the underlying production structure (of a sample of California dairy farms) via a modified non‐homothetic Cobb‐Douglas production function shows the specific impact of information within the neoclassical production framework. This is conceptually and analytically superior to the methodology of frontier production functions.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239302

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn in‐depth analysis of the U. S. apple industry and its problems requires simultaneous consideration of its multiple dimensions of space, time, resources, commodities, production activities, and marketing levels. An empirical model incorporating these dimensions is constructed and its use for policy analysis is demonstrated by measuring the impact of alternative size reductions in regional apple marketings on f.o.b. level industry and regional net returns. The model could also be used in determining the ramifications of changes in consumer demand, transportation costs, and marketing margins on such factors as production, prices, and interregional flows.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239303

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA simple econometric model was used to demonstrate that government intervention in the yerba mate market has favored large producers and processors in the Argentine province of Misiones. Large producers have benefited not only through high price supports but also by integrating vertically to appropriate the price support benefits intended for small farmers. An alternative mixed policy strategy believed to be both economically feasible and politically acceptable was proposed to alleviate rural poverty associated with the yerba mate industry. This policy includes changes in land tenure and farm operational systems along with modifications in current price policy.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239304

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of uncertainty due to imperfect information on the decision to adopt fertilizer responsive seed varieties is examined. Additional information and enhanced ability to “decode” information are shown to increase the likelihood of adoption. Relevant empirical evidence for the Philippines is summarized.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239305

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA pest control model with multiple treatments is presented. Population dynamics and damage rates are temperature dependent with predation affected by pesticide application. Pesticide tolerance distribution is used for constructing the estimated kill function. Mathematical‐numerical optimization is applied, selecting frequency and dosage which minimize control costs and crop damage.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239306

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model is developed to analyze the effects of income tax policy on the optimal timing of replacement for farm machinery. The impact of some forms of tax investment incentives on optimal replacement age was found to be substantial, while the influence of different tax depreciation methods is minimal.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1239307

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY