ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237577

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237578

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article indicates elements of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community that may result in substantial changes in the future. Regional price indexes are developed for several grain and livestock commodities and projected to 1970 and 1975. By combining these projections with the results of an EEC survey of family farm incomes, this article shows that the projected price changes will favor the farmers with the highest incomes. Also, the operation of the Agricultural Fund causes a transfer of foreign exchange from member countries with agricultural net import balances to member countries with agricultural net export balances. Raising the internal prices of imported and exported commodities in order to establish a common price for the EEC has further increased the foreign exchange transfers.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237579

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe first‐order Markov chain model is frequently used to project the future size distribution of firms in a particular industry. This model, however, is based on the rather restrictive assumption that the transition probabilities remain constant over time. This assumption was found to be inappropriate in the case of plants manufacturing frozen milk products in Pennsylvania during the period 1944–1963 and, if adopted, could lead to erroneous results as some actual predictions indicated. This article suggests a method, based on multiple regression techniques, of replacing the constant transition probabilities with probabilities which are a function of various factors including structural characteristics in the industry. The results of this procedure compared quite favorably with those of the assumption of constant probabilities.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237580

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPartial equilibrium analysis was employed to estimate the gain or loss accruing to the United States in adopting alternative methods of protection for raw wool. The cost estimates, which were calculated for 1963, indicated that the economy had gained from the adoption of a partial deficiency payments system in 1954. However, further gains could have been made if the raw wool and compensatory wool products tariffs had been replaced by increased deficiency payments. The cost to the economy of maintaining the present system of protection for raw wool ranged from $13 to $26 million, depending on the particular elasticity of demand used. The results demonstrate the necessity for considering interaction between intermediate and final goods in evaluating alternative methods of protection.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237581

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTobacco allotments have been salable only along with the farms to which they are attached. Multiple regression allows one to isolate that part of total land value accounted for by allotments. Capitalized values of flue‐cured tobacco allotments were estimated for the period 1934–62. The ratio of annual earnings to these capitalized values, or the rate of return, fell from about .75 in the years 1944–46, when the program was first really effective, to a level of .16 for the period 1957–62. This decline reflects a dramatic increase in investor confidence in the future of the tobacco program and places tobacco allotments, which are widely thought to be highly profitable as monopoly rights go, in a class of relatively riskless investments. Government programs that reduce the risk of farm ownership are bound to increase the value of the assets and thereby reduce the rate of return. The rate of return allows us to predict the fall in capitalized value that will accompany future changes in expected income.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237582

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCooperatives' ability to enlist the assistance of non‐producer and/or non‐cooperative firms in their marketing efforts has been severely limited by recent Supreme Court decisions. InCase‐Swayne Co. v. Sunkist Growers, Inc., the court held that Sunkist, with nongrower members, was not a Capper‐Volstead cooperative and therefore was not entitled to Capper‐Volstead exemption from prosecution under section 1 of the Sherman Act. Although the case provides a much needed guide for cooperative activity, it did not explicitly define what constitutes a producer. Nor did it provide an indication of the extent to which a cooperative can control or increase its share of the market and still not be held in violation of section 2 of the Sherman Act.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237583

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237584

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237585

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1237586

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY