摘要:

AbstractPsychic costs reflect differences in interregional utility, an important determinant of population among regions. Following Sjaastad's definition of psychic costs, the consumer surplus foregone by Appalachian migrants in two urban areas was measured as the difference between current urban income and an acceptable income level in eastern Kentucky. Psychic costs varied significantly with the size of the city of destination; migrants' demographic characteristics; and their satisfaction with jobs, city services, and interpersonal relationships in the city. Mobility which reduces psychic costs contributes to social well‐being but will not be measured in national economic accounts.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241121

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOx‐powered cultivation is common in parts of the Sahel, yet most farmers in the region continue to cultivate manually. Insights from oxen farms in Mali are compared to nonadopters in Upper Volta. Ox‐driven technology in the Sahel may be more labor shifting than labor saving. Linear programming models indicate a prohibitive opportunity cost of extra labor required for team maintenance and use on small, rainfed farms growing traditional millets and sorghums in Upper Volta. Farm simulations suggest that ox plowing increases cash crop acreage, but clearly profitable adoption requires companion innovations to boost labor productivity in peak periods.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241122

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOptimal storage, trade, and borrowing policies for grain are analyzed graphically using dynamic programming. World prices and domestic harvests are assumed to be stochastic. Optimal carryovers are generally increasing in supply and decreasing in world prices, while net imports are decreasing in both supply and world prices. Optimal levels of carryovers and net imports are influenced by the opportunity to borrow and save foreign exchange. It is shown that grain reserves and foreign exchange borrowing/saving are alternative inventory systems which both complement and substitute for one another.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241123

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe linkage among retail, wholesale, and shipping point prices for a select group of fresh vegetables is measured using Wolffram's asymmetry model. Procedures for dealing with discontinuous time series are shown, and Granger's causality test is used to show the direction of the price linkage. Wholesale prices are shown to lead both retail and shipping point prices. Asymmetry in the retail‐wholesale response indicates that wholesale price decreases are reflected at the retail more so than are wholesale price increases. Wholesale price decreases are more fully passed through to the shipping point relative to wholesale increases.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241124

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a new empirical demand system which mitigates the effects of multicollinearity while facilitating the measurement of interrelatedness. Duality theory is used to derive the inverse demand functions. Using data on fourteen food items a complete set of demand equations is estimated in both quantity and price dependent forms. The model is used to test for the theoretical restrictions of homogeneity, additivity and negativity, as well as the habit formation hypothesis. A comparison is made between these results and those of Brandow and George and King.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241125

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper develops a dynamic model of processor behavior which is applied to the California wine industry. Price, production, and input demand functions are derived from an optimal control model which takes into account inventory growth from aging and the linkage between product inventories and input purchases. An important feature of the model is that expected future market conditions and beginning inventories influence current behavior through changes in the inventory shadow price. The empirical results generally conform to the theoretical specification and emphasize the role of demand expectations on winery behavior.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241126

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTimber supply behavior of private forest owners is a major uncertainty in long‐term forest product market projections. A model of private supply is developed that explains both harvest and forest management investment decisions. Comparison of two fifty‐year projections, one assuming constant management intensity and a second using the harvest‐investment model, indicates that projected levels of investment would (a) have little impact on markets prior to the year 2000, (b) stabilize real wood product prices after 2000, (c) eliminate softwood lumber imports by 2030, and (d) expand the dominant role of southern forest regions in wood product markets.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241127

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEditor's Note:The editors apologize for and wish to correct two errors that were discovered in the February 1982Journalarticle, “Farm Real Estate Price Components, 1920–78,” by Emery N. Castle and Irving Hoch. Both errors occur on page 15, in table 2. The title of the table should appear as follows: The second error occurs in the third column heading:V2tshould readV*2t.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241128

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241129

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1241130

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY