摘要:

AbstractA quantitative assessment of the “green revolution” associated with Mexican varieties of wheat in the Indian Punjab is attempted as alternative to the usual impressionistic assessments. Results indicate that the technical change has been cost‐saving and has not been strongly biased in either a labor‐saving or a capital‐saving direction. Wheat production experienced a favorable cost curve shift on the order of about 16 percent. Input demands per acre increased by about 25 percent. Increased capitalized land values lead to inferences about income distribution and constitute a source for reinvestments designed to maintain the momentum of the “green revolution.”

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238749

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe provision of information, no matter how objective, influences power relationships in an economy. Thus, scientific activity is non‐neutral in its effects on the outcome of economic interaction. Therefore the researcher and his host institution cannot avoid moral choices as to what research is performed, what information is provided, and to what use that information is put.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238750

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method is presented for solving agricultural sector models under risk to obtain perfectly competitive levels of outputs and prices in all product markets when producers behave according to an E, V decision criterion. The nature of market equilibrium behavior is considerably more complicated under risk than in a deterministic setting. This presents difficulties in designing models which will always provide meaningful economic answers. These difficulties are overcome by stipulating conditions under which the proposed model is applicable. The resultant model is a quadratic programming problem, and linearization techniques are suggested which enable solutions to be obtained through conventional linear programming computer codes.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238751

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent surveys show large increases in Washington apple tree plantings. When these plantings come into production, prices received by growers are expected to be below production costs. A simulation model combining supply, demand, and random weather variables was used to compare future returns and production variables of present fresh‐processing allocation policies with alternative policies. The discriminating monopolist policies produced higher discounted revenues, more stable prices, and greater production and tree numbers during the 1972–1981 period than present policies. Thus, the monopolist short‐run increase in returns over the present policy was prevalent after accounting for supply response.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238752

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe often‐discussed instability of the price of eggs is examined by use of spectral analysis, and the existence of an egg cycle is confirmed. In explaining the cycle, the familiar cobweb model is shown to be inferior to an alternative model. The alternative model, proposed by Nerlove, has producers planning changes in their production levels in response to prices, with the changes being realized only after a lag. Economic justifications are given for such producer behavior to continue, even though it causes instability. Recent destabilizing influences, not related to the cycle, are also discussed.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238753

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe demand system or matrix for food commodities and commodity groups in Japan is constructed. A demand matrix is obtained by an alternative version of the linear expenditure system, implying a practical and convenient approximation to Powell's system. Indicators of goodness of fit are quite high for the system developed.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238754

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCash cattle prices are found to be more accurate indicators of subsequent cash cattle price conditions than are the futures prices for distant contracts. This apparent relative inability of futures prices for live beef cattle to reflect later spot prices is becoming more pronounced over time.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238755

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe welfare consequences of price instability critically depend on the type of market intermediary. Both a producer marketing board and a pure middleman will stabilize consumer prices; but the latter, unlike the producer marketing board, will find it advantageous to “manufacture” price instability for producers.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238756

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGovernment cost is important in fixing milk price supports; however, net social cost should also be a criteria. This paper develops a method of measuring the latter. The technique is applied to alternative support levels under conditions of exporting or destroying government purchases and under a condition of domestic redistribution.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238757

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlternative farm number projection models are examined for the Canadian Prairie Provinces including a synthesis of Markov transition probabilities and migration functions. The procedure indicates a potential for overcoming deficiencies of standard farm projection models. Explanatory variables include: off‐farm work, age of operators, capital, and regional economic structure.

ISSN:0002-9092    

DOI:10.2307/1238758

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY