ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWidespread concern exists about the recurrent cost problems faced in the health sector of developing countries, and about the difficulties likely to be faced in the 1990s and beyond in seeking to expand further the movement to primary health care. The article accepts that the problem is a real one, and seeks first to define and measure it, and to put together some of the evidence on the scale of the problem. Next, the analysis involves an examination of its causes, and hence its solutions, exploring in some detail issues of budgetary control, management decision making, project selection, and the prospects for mobilizing additional recurrent funds to, and within, the health sector. The article concludes by drawing attention to the complex aetiology of the recurrent cost problem, and offers a five‐point plan of action if the problem is to be tackled seriousl

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines the equity principle as it could be applied to the financing of primary health care resources in Portugal. Three resource allocation criteria are considered: namely, the demand/utilization criterion; the health situation criterion; and, the coverage by health services criterion. With data based on health service expenditure, district by district, for 1983, the article shows that quite different results would emerge from the selection of one criterion rather than another. In particular, a policy of positive discrimination would reallocate resources towards the north rather than the south of Portugal, though differences would emerge between districts and between specific activities provided within the framework of primary health care. The results are presented and conclusions drawn.

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn evaluation of health service utilization patterns was carried out in five rural districts and a number of urban areas in Indonesia. The study was part of a larger effort to develop economically‐related information about the health care services. Utilization levels were then related to such selected population variables as distance from health facilities, insurance status and income. The annual contact rate, curative plus preventive, with all public sector facilities was found to be 0.8 per capita. The geographic catchment areas of the facilities were also found to be very limited. The insured population (civil servants and their families) used services about four times more frequently, on average, than did the rest of the population. In one provincial study, the top 9 per cent of income earners made up one‐third of all hospital inpatients, one‐half of all hospital outpatients, and one‐quarter of all health centre visitors. The implications of these results for equity and efficiency are di

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cost‐benefit analysis of smoking, using an attributable risk approach, has been carried out for Canada and for three regions within Canada. The total cost of the consequences of tobacco use—in terms of extra deaths, disability, hospitalization, physician services, and fire losses due to tobacco use—in all cases exceeded the total consumer expenditure for tobacco products. The excess was estimated to have a range from $14 to $127 (1983 Canadian dollars) per person per year. This represents the amount that an individual in society would gain, on average, if tobacco use was eliminated from the society for one year. Tobacco use was also found to be responsible for 12 to 17 per cent of all adult deaths, 4 to 5 per cent of all adult disability days, 12 to 14 per cent of all days of hospitalization, and 2 to 3 per cent of all physician v

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0749-6753    

DOI:10.1002/hpm.4740030311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY