摘要:

The authors discuss the problem of the diagnosis of sinusitis in children from the viewpoint of the practising paediatrician, on the basis of 106 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years, and suffering from sinusitis. Maxillary sinusitis (56.5%) and a combination of maxillary and ethmoidal sinusitis (24.5%) were commonest, and pan-sinusitis occurred in about 10% of cases. The commonest complaints in the history were cough, headache, pyrexia and rhinitis. The commonest clinical findings were pharyngitis, retropharyngeal drip, tenderness to pressure over the sinus points, otitis media, a deterioration in the general condition, enlarged tender angular lymph nodes, bronchitis and rhinitis. The result of treatment of sinusitis in childhood with the antibiotic used here, doxycycline, are assessed. A successful result was obtained in 94.3% of cases; cure in 77 patients (72.6%) and marked improvement in 23 (21.7%). There were six failures (5.7%). In the majority of children – 72 cases (68%), the duration of treatment was 15–21 days. It was 10–14 days in 18 children (17%) and more than 3 weeks in 16 children (15%). Rapid subjective improvement was seen in 65 cases (61.3%), and rapid objective improvement in 80 (75.5%). The tolerance of doxycycline was very good in nearly all patients. Mild symptoms of gastrointestinal intolerance were seen in two

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221971

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined in 98 strains of anaerobic bacteria that came from clinical samples against fosfomycin, penicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and lincomycin. The results obtained indicate that fosfomycin is usually inactive against Bacteroides sp. and is active up to 32 µg/ml or less against 85% of Peptococcus and 95% of Peptostrepto-coccus, being consequently comparatively less active than the rest of the antibiotics that were tested against Bacteroides sp., while against Peptococcus and Peptotsrep-tococcus it is less active than penicillin, cephalothin, clindamycin and lincomycin, and somewhat more active than chloramphenicol and tetracycline

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222026

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The behavior of 15 strains of Vibrio eltor, halophilic Vibrios and NAG vibrios with respect to 14 antibiotics was studied by means of the single disc method in Mueller-Hinton agar. In the case of fosfomycin, the MIC for all of them was determined as well by the technique of progressive dilutions in solid medium. No conclusions were made because of the small number of strains studied. Nevertheless, it can be asserted that there is a marked difference in the activity of fosfomycin, since it was minimal against V. eltor, moderate against the NAGs and maximal against the halophilic Vibrio.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222027

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Antibacterial activities of fosfomycin were investigated both in vitro and in vivo for the purpose of comparative evaluation on its fundamental properties with other antimicrobial agents. The MIC was determined with nutrient agar (Dif-co) inoculated with one loopful of 1,000-fold dilution (about 106 cells/ml) of bacterial suspension cultured overnight in nutrient broth. This substance showed antibacterial activity to most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, being strongest to Enterobacteriaceae with a peak of the MIC at 1.56 μg/ml in Salmonella. It was also active against P. aeruginosa with a peak of the MIC at 6.25 μg/ml in its sensitivity distribution. Intravenous and subcutaneous fosfomycin Na salt and oral fosfomycin Ca salt were given to 5-week-old ddN strain male mice challenged with clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, E. coli and P. mirabilis. Therapeutic effect was observed in all these test organisms. In P. aeruginosa, it was more effective than car-benicilli

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222028

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Haemophilus influenzae is an important pathogen in respiratory infections in children and often is implicated in otitis media. It is sensitive in vitro to a number of antibiotics, some of which are used clinically for the treatment of such infections. We have checked the in vitro sensitivity of a type b strain of H. influenzae. When tested in Levinthal’s broth prepared with laked rabbit blood, the culture was most sensitive to tetracycline, ampicillin and penicillin and was somewhat less sensitive to cephalothin, fosfomycin, cephaloridine, and chloramphenicol. However, when this same strain was used to infect mice, fosfomycin was more active than ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, penicillin or the cephalosporin

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222029

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The combined action of fosfomycin with penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin was investigated. A total of 11 S. aureus and 10 E. coli were included in these studies. It has been shown that a combination of fosfomycin with penicillin G and streptomycin resulted in a synergistic effect. When S. aureus strains were tested, the combination of fosfomycin with penicillin G was more frequently effective than the combination of fosfomycin with streptomycin. The combination of fosfomycin with ampicillin and streptomycin showed a similar synergistic effect on 7 of 10 E. coli strains. The antagonistic effect never resulted when the above-mentioned combination of antibiotics were used. The authors postulate that a combination of fosfomycin with β-lactam or aminoglycoside antibiotics may be used in clinical practice and such a procedure should prevent an emergence of fosfomycin-resistant strains

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222030

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We selected 100 strains of organisms that were isolated in our hospital, which came from pathological products and which had an MIC of fosfomycin of 256 μg/ml or more and belonged to the genera Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escheríchia coli, Serratia, Enterobacter, Proteus, Acinetobacter Levinea and Staphylococcus. We have studied the effect of the association of fosfomycin with 15 antibiotics (β-lactamins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, etc.) and 5 chemotherapeutics. The 11 selected strains were studied by the ‘chess board’ technique in agar. A study was also carried out on the action of fosfomycin on E. coli K12 E711 in the phase of logarithmic growth. The 11 selected strains were studied bz the ‘chess board’ technique in agar. Synergic effect with fosfomycin associated to other antimicrobials was found in

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222031

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222032

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The sensitivity to fosfomycin of more than 8,000 strains of bacteria isolated from products received by the laboratory between 1972 and 1974 has been studied. Some were studied by the dilution technique in a solid medium and the remainder was studied by diffusion. A single 50-μg disc was used and the strains inhibited by concentrations of less than 64 μg/ml or with inhibition halos of 15 mm diameter or more were considered sensitive. It is clear from this study that there are no significant changes in the sensitivity of the bacteria studied during the above-mentioned time, with the exception of a decrease in that of indole-positive Proteus, Providentia and Klebsiella

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222033

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The sensitivity of 1,823 bacteriological strains of differing types is shown (E. coli, Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia, Proteus-Providence, Pseudomonas, Salmonella-Shigella-Citrobacter, Haemophilus, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus); all of clinical origin, isolated during March and April, 1975. The methods used were series of double dilutions in Mueller-Hinton agar and the disc-plate method (weight of 50 μg). A comparative study is made of the sensitivity between a part of the present strains (1,725) and another group of 1,664 germs, isolated and observed in January and February, 1973. Some variations are observed which, on general lines, do not seem to be significant, except for Klebsiella-Enterobacter and Serratia

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000222034

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger