摘要:

Dose-related changes of the overall elimination rate constant were observed both after single and repeated administration of rifampicin. The threshold dose appears to be between 12 and 16 mg/kg in patients with normal liver function. Interference between rifampicin and bilirubin is confirmed. It does not appear dose-related and decreases during repeated administration.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220873

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The antibacterial activity of the combination ampicillin/cloxacillin has been tested in vitro against 300 pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. Synergism was observed for 43% of strains of E. coli, 56% of Klebsiella, 42% of Proteus mirabilis and 88% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In most cases the degree of synergism was not considerable. The combination of ampicillin/cloxacillin represented a broader antibacterial spectrum than either drug alone for Klebsiella-Enterobacter, indole-positive Proteus and Pseudomonas strains; this effect was more pronounced when high concentrations of antibiotics were considered. A randomized study of the clinical effectiveness of relatively low doses of ampicillin/cloxacillin therapy, as compared to ampicillin alone, was performed in 48 patients with significant bacteriuria or urinary-tract infections. No difference in the rate of clinical cure was detected. The inhibitory activity against ampicillin-resistant organisms of urine from patients treated with ampicillin/cloxacillin was not different from that observed with urine of patients receiving ampicillin alone. It is suggested that further studies with this combination should be performed with much higher doses of both antibiotics.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220874

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Miconazole tested in vitro against the most important fungi pathogenic for man and animals, and against gram-positive bacteria has proved to be highly potent. The dermatophytes, yeasts, dimorphic fungi, Aspergilli and the mycetoma-causing agents are the most sensitive. This activity was confirmed by in vivo tests on guinea pigs infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis or Candida albicans. Miconazole used orally or topically was very active against experimental tinea and candidosis in guinea pigs. For each test, the authors compared the activity of miconazole with different reference compounds.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220875

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two amide penicillins, 2-[(3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[2-phenylacetamido]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-yl)carbonyl]-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide (Wy-12,556) and 2-[2,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6(2-phenoxyacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-ylcarbonyl]-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, hydrate (Wy-12,405), were compared with benzathine penicillin G for their duration of therapeutic activity in mice; potassium penicillin G and potassium penicillin V were also included in this study. In animals primed with these agents the amide penicillins were significantly more active than benzathine penicillin G with respect to dosage. Wy-12,405 reached its peak of effectiveness in animals treated 4 days prior to infection. Wy-12,556 was two times more effective than Wy-12,405 in mice treated 8, 12 and 16 days prior to challenge. Although the potency ratios of the amide penicillins declined gradually after the 8th day, both continued to be more effective than benzathine penicillin G. When the treated mice were challenged with progressively larger numbers of bacterial cells Wy-12,556 proved to be more effective than benzathine penicillin G in combating the infection.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220876

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The clinical effect of continuous prophylaxis in winter with a new penicillin, azidocillin, was compared with that of ampicillin and placebo in children with recurrent respiratory infections. The patients were subject to recurrent infection because of either constitutional susceptibility or because of cardiac malformation with left-right shunt. Azidocillin and ampicillin were equally effective. Compared with placebo, a difference in favour of both antibiotics was indicated in the children with ‘constitutional’ respiratory disease. The influence of the treatment on the faecal E. coli flora was also studied. Both azidocillin and ampicillin caused an increase in ampicillin-resistant E. coli strains. This finding is unexpected because E. coli shows a primary resistance to azidocillin. A possible explanation is discus

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220877

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220878

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220872

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger