摘要:

The disposition of doxycycline by man and dog was investigated with the aid of labeled drug. Isotope dilution methods were instrumental in the successful identification of fecal excretion products. More than 90% of dose was recovered as undegraded drug from urine and feces of both species, but some labeled doxycycline was excreted by dogs in antibacterially inactive form. Dogs appear to eliminate most of intravenously administered doxycycline by secretion into the intestinal tract, by a route different from biliary secretion. It is inferred from these results that the lack of doxycycline accumulation observed by other investigators in patients with impaired renal function is probably due to elimination of unchanged drug with feces, and not the result of extensive metabolic degradation.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220730

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Analysis of regression lines, i.e. the relationship between the zone of inhibition of bacterial growth around drug-impregnated discs and minimal inhibitory concentration for the same drug in agar, have been used to illustrate the synergistic effect of the combination trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole in the ratio 1:20. The synergy could be well illustrated on a peptone-free blood agar medium, less well on a Mueller-Hinton agar medium containing 5% lysed horse blood but could not be illustrated on just Mueller-Hinton agar medium.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220731

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Streptomycin-resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae bearing R-factors inactivate the antibiotic by an enzymatic mechanism. Streptomycin is inactivated by all the 54 wild-type strains of resistant E. coli we studied, and the inactivation occurs also with the strains (4) which could not transfer their resistance. With Salmonellae, 60% of the wild-type strains studied (20 strains) inactivate the drug. These results are strongly in favour of the hypothesis that streptomycin resistance among wild-type strains of E. coli is probably always due to R-factors, transmissible or not. This is also the case for the majority of wild-type strains of Salmonellae. The enzyme responsible for the inactivation of the drug is localized in the periplasmic space of the resistant cell. The crude enzyme can be released either by osmotic shock or can be obtained in an extract of alumina-ground resistant cells. The only requirements for the inactivation of streptomycin are ATP and Mg++, the reaction taking place efficiently at pH 7.9.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220732

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clindamycin exerts a remarkable inhibitory as well bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The majority of strains are inhibited by concentrations attainable with normal dosage, and these concentrations are mostly adequate also in achieving a bactericidal effect. Very large inocula influence the bactericidal activity of clindamycin. To obtain complete bactericidal effect, a 6- to 8-hour exposure to MBC is generally necessary.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220733

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Minimum bactericidal concentrations of sodium salicylate, penicillin, and tetracycline on their own and in combination with others were established for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. It was found that penicillin-sensitive staphylococci were more resistant to salicylate than resistant staphylococci. Furthermore, sensitive staphylococci tolerate higher concentrations of antibiotics in the presence of salicylate, if the ratio is not appropriate. The ratio of the drugs in combination, in all instances, had an impact and a decisive role on the efficacy of the combination. In general, the lower the resistance to a particular antibiotic the higher the ratio of salicylate/antibiotic should be in order to exert a synergistic effect.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220734

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Additional findings about the synergism between Rec. 15/0209 and Amantadine are reported. While it is clearly demonstrable in embryonated and de-embryonated chicken eggs by measuring both virus titer and virus RNA synthesis of CAM suspensions, the results are much less constant in the embryonated eggs by measuring HA in the allantoic fluids and over all in the mice. The implications arising from these results are discussed.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220735

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-one therapeutic trials with a combination of carbenicillin and polymyxin B were conducted for initial treatment of severe infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. Failure to respond to therapy was observed in 7 out of 13 patients with septicemia or bronchopneumonia. No serious toxicity of this antibiotic regimen was encountered.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220737

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220760

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger