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1. |
Cost-Effective Use of Once-Daily Ceftriaxone in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Infections: Introduction to a Symposium |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 1-2
Vincent T. Andriole,
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ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238923
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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2. |
Once-Daily Ceftriaxone in the Outpatient Treatment of Paediatric Infections |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 3-6
John S. Bradley,
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摘要:
Parenteral ceftriaxone was administered as a once-daily outpatient treatment to a selected low-risk population of neonates, infants, and children with moderate to severe bacterial infections. No incidences of treatment failure were seen in 200 children with uncomplicated infections responsive to ceftriaxone therapy. The mean period of outpatient treatment in initially hospitalized children with non-CNS infections, excluding endocarditis, was 1–3 days. Ceftriaxone outpatient management was successful in the control of organisms causing meningitis (n = 54), periorbital facial cellulitis (n = 16), sinusitis (n = 10), arthritis (n = 6), endocarditis (n = 4), and other infection
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238924
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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3. |
Once-Daily Ceftriaxone Outpatient Therapy in Adults with Infections |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 7-10
Alan D. Tice,
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摘要:
Since 1981 our physicians’ office has developed an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programme which has shown advantages in patient care and provided significant cost savings. While we were able to provide any parenteral antibiotic available, the mainstay of our programme was ceftriaxone because of its broad range of activity, safety, and once-daily administration. Two hundred and ninety cases of outpatient ceftriaxone usage were recorded between January 1989 and March 1990. Ceftriaxone was found to be most useful for bone, soft tissue, and gynaecological infections. Not only was it highly clinically successful, but it was safe to use in the twice-weekly monitoring parameters we routinely perform in our office. The use of ceftriaxone alone during the 15-month period accounted for savings of over US$ 1.2 million compared to the cost of hospitalization during this perio
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238925
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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4. |
Once-Daily Ceftriaxone in the Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 11-14
Richard Brown,
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摘要:
We conducted a retrospective clinical evaluation to assess the efficacy of a 1-gram once-daily regimen of intravenously administered ceftriaxone in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections. Of the 250 patients studied, 167 had infections of the lower respiratory tract, approximately 70% of which were diagnosed as community-acquired pneumonias. The principal identified pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae. Forty per cent of community-acquired pneumonias occurred in patients over 69 years of age, who showed a 13% mortality compared to a mortality rate of 4% in younger patients. Once-daily ceftriaxone was effective and well tolerated as empiric therapy for pneumonia likely to be caused by susceptible organisms.
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238927
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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5. |
Outcome of a Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime Interchange Programme in a Major Teaching Hospital |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 15-21
Angela Gutensohn,
Donna Bunz,
Luciana Frighetto,
Peter Jewesson,
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摘要:
A two-stage intervention programme was performed to enable the effective substitution of ceftriaxone for cefotaxime in a teaching hospital with large numbers of transient prescribers. One hundred and sixteen patients with a variety of bacterial infections were randomized to an open, historical control comparative study to determine if ceftriaxone was an acceptable replacement for cefotaxime. For 6 months prior to the intervention, both cephalosporins were available on formulary. Following an initial informational stage, a therapeutic interchange programme was implemented to convert prescriptions for cefotaxime to ceftriaxone. Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were equivalent in terms of microbiological and clinical efficacy and patient tolerance in 77 evaluable patients. No changes in prescriber service occurred after the changeover. Post-intervention treatment courses required a ceftriaxone/cefotaxime interchange in 28% of the cases. Ceftriaxone appeared to be a suitable and cost-effective alternative to cefotaxime in this hospital. The intervention programme successfully invoked the formulary change with minimal expense and prescriber opposition.
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238928
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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6. |
Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness of Antibiotic Monitoring at a Veterans Administration Hospital |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 22-25
Peter O’Hartley,
L. Rodondi,
R. Coleman,
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摘要:
A rigorous, continuously monitored antibiotic programme was initiated at our Veterans Administration hospital following evidence of inappropriate antibiotic usage. Seven hundred and thirty-one patients, mainly male, with an average age of 60 years were involved in the study; 378 were evaluable prior to policy implementation and 273 subsequently. The overall prevalence of deaths and average length of antibiotic therapy were less during the post-policy period. The number of antibiotic doses per patient was decreased by 24%. Drug costs were reduced by 32% post-policy, due largely to increased use of the longer-acting cephalosporins ceftriaxone and cefotetan. A 23% reduction in antibiotic acquisition costs was achieved over the 3-year period of the study, without detrimental effects on patient outcome.
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238929
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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7. |
Cost-Effective Use of Once-Daily Ceftriaxone: Overview of a Symposium |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 26-27
Piero Periti,
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ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238930
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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8. |
Author/Subject Indexes |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 28-28
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PDF (96KB)
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ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238931
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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9. |
In vitro and in vivo Candicidal Activities of 2-(p-n-Hexylphenylamino)-1,3-Thiazoline |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 157-165
R.J. Baumann,
G.D. Mayer,
L.D. Fite,
L.M. Gill,
B.L. Harrison,
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摘要:
The 2-amino-1,3-thiazoline, 2-(p-n-hexylphenylamino)-1,3-thiazoline (MDL 20,245) killed 105 logarithmic or stationary phase Candida albicans/ml in less than 1 h. Miconazole killed logarithmic phase cells at that rate, but miconazole, clotrimazole or econazole killed stationary phase cells at a slower rate of 102–104 cells/ml in 24 h. MDL 20,245 induced efflux of K+ and L[U-14C] lysine from C. albicans, indicating that the candicidal mechanism is to exert direct damage upon the cytoplasmic membrane. The activity of MDL 20,245 in vitro was antagonized by fatty acids, triglycerides and phospholipids. Topical application of MDL 20,245 ointment (10% w/v) twice per day for 4 days to rats suppressed C. albicans-induced vaginitis 100%. Single-dose regimens of MDL 20,245, miconazole or clotrimazole correlated with 97, 90 and 73% suppression, respectively. These data suggest that MDL 20,245 may be effective in the treatment of C. albicans-induced vaginitis in human
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238849
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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10. |
In vitro Activity of Lomefloxacin, a Difluorinated Quinolone, Compared with Other Antimicrobials |
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Chemotherapy,
Volume 37,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 166-174
Hussain Qadri,
Gordon C. Lee,
Michael E. Ellis,
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摘要:
A total of 3,144 clinical isolates from 3,011 consecutive patients were tested against lomefloxacin by the agar dilution method. They consisted of 1,380 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, 527 pseudomonads, 47 Haemophilus influenzae, 53 Acinetobacter, 42 Brucella melitensis, 903 staphylococci and 192 strains of enterococci. In vitro activity of lomefloxacin was compared with ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, β-lactams and aminoglycosides. Over 98% of Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to lomefloxacin with an MIC of 0.06–4.0 μg/ml. It also inhibited 93 and 85% clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas maltophilia, respectively. All isolates of Haemophilus, Brucella and Staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to this fluoroquinolone. However, only 43% of the 192 strains of enterococci exhibited in vitro susceptibility. Lomefloxacin was found to be comparable to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in its in vitro activity, and superior to most penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria except enteroco
ISSN:0009-3157
DOI:10.1159/000238850
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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