摘要:

Silver sulfadiazine is a new topical antimicrobial agent with a broad spectrum of activity against most bacterial (both gram-positive and gram-negative) and many fungal species. This broad spectrum of activity suggests that silver sulfadiazine may be useful in clinical situations which require the inhibition of cutaneous bacterial and/or fungal colonization. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of this agent on bilirubin-protein binding. Using chromatographic procedures on artificially jaundiced sera and human serum albumin solutions, we were unable to detect any release of protein-bound bilirubin by a saturated suspension of silver sulfadiazine.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221847

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

108 white rats weighing 170–250 gwere given trimethoprim, sulphamethoxazole and the combination trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole orally and parenterally in order to test the preventive effect of these substances on experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis due to Staphylococcusaureus. Oral applications of 48 mg/kg/24 h of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole prevented abscess formation. Intraperitoneal applications of 48 mg/kg/24 h of the combination did not seem as effective as the oral applications. On the other hand, there was no difference between the effects of oral and parenteral applications when the doses were 96 mg/kg/24 h. The preventive effects of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole alone were much less than those observed when the combination trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole was given. No peritoneal or other tissue damage was observed after intraperitoneal injections of trimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole in rat

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221848

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The antibacterial activity of thiamphenicol was compared to that of chloramphenicol against 313 strains of gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical specimens. These two antibiotics were equally active against the 106 isolates of Haemophilus (MIC = 0.1–1.56 μg/ml) and against 40 strains of Bacteroides fragilis 12.5 μg/mL). This practice is not advisable for testing organisms isolated outside of the urina

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221849

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Associations of penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and polymyxin B with rifampicin were testedfor synergism against Pseudomonas and Proteus pathological strains. The combination of rifampicin and polymyxin B was clearly synergistic for all strains as it was evaluated by isobolograms and killing curves. The bactericidal action of this association, without any cross-resistance between its components, may eradicate gram-negative bacteria infections with marked polyvalent drug resistances.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221850

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The antibacterial activity of tobramycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, cloxacillin, kanamycin, cephalexin, penicillin, carbenicillin and polymyxin were compared against 303 clinical bacterial isolates from a pediatric hospital patient population. Standard disk diffusion and agar-dilution methods were employed. Significant activity was demonstrated for tobramycin against Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and both Staphylococcus aureus and albus. Tobramycin was significantly more active against Pseudomonas than gentamicin or the other antibiotics tested. Comparable activity to gentamicin was present for the other types of bacteria. Cross-resistance was not encountered between tobramycin and gentamicin. 30 isolates of E. coli were tested against the combination of tobramycin and ampicillin by the growth-curve method. Synergism was demonstrated in 4 isolates, antagonism in 1 and an additive effect in 25. A bactericidal effect was present at 24 h against 17 isolates with tobramycin alone and against 25 isolates when combined with ampicillin. These results provide in vitro rationale for the consideration of tobramycin for clinical use in patients with Pseudomonas infections and for the combination of ampicillin and tobramycin for the treatment of selected E. coli infections.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221851

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study was made of fosfomycin in the treatment of chronic urinary infection in 51 patients. 72% of the 67 bacteria isolated and tested in the laboratory with discs containing 50 μg of fosfomycin were found to be sensitive to the antibiotic. The majority of E. coli, Klebsiella, P. mirabilIs and Ps. aeruginosa strains were sensitive to the antibiotic. Generally, 60 mg of fosfomycin/kg body weight was administered intramuscularly, 6-hourly for 7–15 days. A clinical and bacteriological cure was obtained in 39 patients (76%), and after 4–6 weeks in 31 patients (61%). Blood and urine fosfomycin levels were determined in seven patients, three with normal renal function, three with moderate renal insufficiency, and one with severe renal insufficiency. The antibiotic levels and elimination time maintained a clear relation with the degree of renal insuffici

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221852

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000221853

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1975

数据来源: Karger