摘要:

Sulfonamide-sensitive and resistant Neisseria meningitidis of serological Groups B and C bound similar amount of 35S labeled sulfadiazine. Uptake of the radioactive sulfadiazine was dependent on sulfonamide concentration but not dependent on exposure temperature. The binding of the labeled drug appeared to be firm. Elaboration of excessive amounts of p-aminobenzoic acid by sulfon-amide-resistant neisseria does not account for sulfonamide fastness. The presence of p-aminobenzoic acid does not limit the uptake of 35S sulfadiazine by sulfon-amide-sensitive or resistant neisseria.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220722

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thirty clinical isolates of C. perfringens type A were found to be resistant to gentamicin sulfate in vitro, as determined by the disk diffusion and agar and broth dilution methods of sensitivity testing. Two isolates (6.7%) required 12 μg/ml for inhibition, while the remaining 28 isolates (93.3%) were inhibited by 25–100 μg/ml of gentamicin. The activity of gentamicin sulfate was found to be depressed roughly twofold under anaerobic conditions of incubation. The significance of these findings is discus

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220723

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With model experiments we endeavoured to further clinical experience in that infection of patients in a state of immunodepression may be treated more efficiently with bactericidal than with bacteriostatic antibiotic drugs. In cases of lethal infection due to Staphylococcus aureus, we studied the behaviour of animals with intact or immunosuppressed immune systems under bactericidal and bacteriostatic antibiotic therapy. As index we used the mortality rate and the possibility of reculturing the infectious strain. In our experiments we studied the effect of diabetes mellitus and senescence as influencing factors on the course of infection. It was indicated that in diabetic model experiments the effect of bactericidal antibiotic drugs was more advantageous, both in reduced mortality and lower possibility of reculture.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220724

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

As a result of treatment with rifampicin, starting on the 11th day after infection with the Ravenel strain of Mycob. bovis used in these investigations, the disease passes into a chronic phase. The number (mode) of culturable organisms present in the lungs of the mice declines exponentially in the course of treatment with rifampicin in a dose of 40 mg/kg daily, so that the bacteriological findings in an increasing number of animals become negative after more than 100 days. After 150 days treatment with rifampicin (40 mg/kg) alone or rifampicin (40) in combination with streptomycin (250) or ethambutol (150), the majority of the mice are actually not yet bacteriologically sterile, since viable bacteria are again found in mice treated under the same conditions after a recuperation period of 50 or 100 days. In contrast, all animals treated with rifampicin (40) and INH (25) remain free from relapse. It may therefore be concluded that a special form of synergism takes place when these two drugs are given simultaneously.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220725

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The disodium salt of quinacillin (3-carboxy-2-quinoxalinylpenicillin) is highly effective in protecting mice experimentally infected with penicillin-sensitive or penicillinase-producing strains of Staph. aureus. Like other penicillinase-resistant penicillins, it is very much less effective against infections initiated with methicillin-resistant strains obtained from clinical sources. Quinacillin is not toxic to laboratory animals except when large doses are repeatedly administered to rabbits; under these conditions toxic manifestations are attributable to changes in gut flora. Quinacillin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in man and animals, but is well absorbed and distributed when administered by injection. It is rapidly excreted in urine, and probably bile, apparently unchanged. Quinacillin, like benzylpenicillin, is only moderately bound to serum proteins, and penetrates into inflammatory foci.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220726

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In various experimental infections inthe mouse, the single doses of chlortetracycline were determined which, when given simultaneously with the infection, prevent death of the animals. Serum concentrations of the antibiotic were measured in mice treated with 80–100% effective doses. During the initial period of infection, which is characterized by insufficient defence (low resistance period), these concentrations are invariably above or approximately equal to the minimum bacteriostatic concentration established in vitro. Hence, it is concluded that in animal experiments the dosage is dependent not only on the in vitro sensitivity of the infectious agent but also on the length of the LRP, during which the micro-organisms have to be controlled by a bacteriostatic agen

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220727

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The minimum inhibitory concentration of bactericidal as opposed to bacteriostatic agents does not necessarily have to be maintained in the blood for the full duration of the low resistance period (LRP). Even brief exposure to concentrations which are bactericidal or high enough to induce bacteriopause can effectively suppress the infection. The longer the LRP, the more sustained must be the antibacterial effect. The relations between these factors are examined with reference to the effect of single doses of rifampicin and cephaloridine in a series of experimental infections in the mouse.

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220728

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220729

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0009-3157    

DOI:10.1159/000220759

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1971

数据来源: Karger