摘要:

AbstractThis paper seeks to clarify those conceptual foundations of G. H. Mead's social behaviorism which are assumed, but not made explicit, in that writer's well‐known volumeMind, Self and Society. These foundations are shown to be an outgrowth of Mead's early commitment to the organic conception of conduct underlying the psychological functionalism of the Chicago School. Further light is shed upon Mead's position by pointing out the fundamental differences between his model of conduct and that characteristic of the behaviorist tradition in American psycholog

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<307::AID-JHBS2300130402>3.0.CO;2-V

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy the end of the nineteenth century, psychology had become a mature scientific discipline unified around a common paradigm. Although the underlying unity of the field was recognized at the time, it has generally been obscured in later historical writings. In this article, the first “mentalist” paradigm of scientific psychology is examined. The mentalists shared a common definition of the field, two accepted modes of observation, and a common conception of the relationship between modes of observation and data thus observed. Rival schools advanced competing articulations of this shared paradigmatic struct

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<317::AID-JHBS2300130403>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPictorial resources are cited for Annin, Boring, and Watson's published list of historically important psychologists from 1600‐196

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<326::AID-JHBS2300130404>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough he was a significant educational reformer during the progressive era, a founder of various journals in psychology and pedagogy, a prolific writer, and the individual who brought Freud and Jung to the United States, G. Stanley Hall's ideas on the education of nonwhites were, for his period, quite conventional. Unlike those of some of his contemporaries, Hall's racial ideas were not overtly vicious. He argued that nonwhites were the children of the human race and that their education, like that of children of particular ages, should be based on an understanding of their indigenous culture and inherent capabilities. This argument, although reformist in tone, supported a policy of nonwhite subservience.

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<328::AID-JHBS2300130405>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHistorians of psychiatry have propagated the view that the witch hunts of sixteenth‐ and seventeenth‐century Europe were primarily a persecution of the mentally ill and that demonological concepts of possession and witchcraft impeded psychiatric progress for centuries. The author reviews the evidence marshaled by these historians and examines additional historical material bearing on the psychopathological view. He concludes that the role of mental disorder in the witch hunts has been overinflated by authors with an interest in promulgating the medical model of abnormal behavior. Furthermore, the psychopathological paradigm is based on an outmoded philosophy of science, which results in historical distortion and paradoxes, and on restriction and selectivity in the choice of evide

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<337::AID-JHBS2300130406>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRobert M. Ogden's unrecognized contributions to the beginnings of Gestalt psychology in the United States are briefly discussed. It is proposed that he not only introduced Gestalt psychology to this country through his books, but was also instrumental in bringing Gestalt psychologists to America.

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<352::AID-JHBS2300130407>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis essay compares and contrasts the means by which Durkheim and Weber dealt with methodological issues peculiar to the comparative study of societies, what Smelser has called “the problem of sociocultural variability and complexity.”1More specifically, it examines how Weber and Durkheim chose appropriate comparative units for their empirical studies. The approaches that Weber and Durkheim brought to the problem of cross‐cultural comparison have critical implications for more current procedures used in the comparative study of contemporary and historical soci

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<354::AID-JHBS2300130408>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTextbooks and other teaching of psychology's history oversimplify to the point of presenting it as the evolution of an exclusively object‐science – despite general familiarity with integral extrascientistic practices and assumptions. Representative examples are presented, along with an overview of object‐psychology's cultural/practical routes to dominance. The purpose of highlighting these facets of psychology's development is to call for psychology to take explicit account of humans' subjecthood as well as objectness, on the way rereading our history toward an integrated sc

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<369::AID-JHBS2300130409>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractF. M. Urban made important contributions in psychometry and is best known for his introduction of a correction in the “Müller‐Urban weights.” Born in Austria, he came to the University of Pennsylvania where he made most of his contributions in psychology. He was trapped in Europe by World War I and never returned to the United States. Myriad hardships forced him to abandon his original project of a study of the entire field of probability and its application to other sciences. Whenever possible, however, he pursued his interests in psychometry and psychophysics and strove to remain active in psyc

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<379::AID-JHBS2300130410>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe question is raised of whether the Middle Ages held a view of the nature of childhood as distinct from adulthood. Evidence is offered from legal documents, medical writings, and church and monastic chronicles to support the viewpoint that the special nature of the child was perceived (although with great ambivalence) as being fragile, vulnerable, and naive, while also possessing a potential for closeness to God and the supernatural world.

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(197710)13:4<384::AID-JHBS2300130411>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY