摘要:

AbstractIndustrial sociology traditionally places its origins in the studies conducted at the Hawthorne Plant of Western Electric and in the theoretical work of Vilfredo Pareto which was used to explain the results of those experiments. The results of the Hawthorne experiments were sociological and stimulated academic interest. Antecedents other than the Hawthorne experiments and an intellectual foundation other than Pareto, however, are now evident.

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<311::AID-JHBS2300210402>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAt the phenomenological level, Sigmund Freud in theTraumdeutungpresents dream speeches that are ubiquitous, and syntactically and pragmatically usually well‐formed (despite occasional lexical anomalies), while at the generative level Freud maintains that these are playbacks, devoid of linguistic creativity, and as such do not violate the theoretically “primary‐process,” nondiscursive nature of the dreamwork. Neither anecdotal data nor recent systematic experimental evidence lend the “replay hypothesis” convincing support, however. This hypothesis may (like many other aspects of his dream theory) have its particular antecedents in the theoretical constraints of Freud's protopsychoanalytic “Project for a Scientific Psychology.” In fact, the hypothesis can be reconciled with the neurological mechanisms of the “Project,” though it cannot be specifically derived from them. Freud utilized the concept of functional retrogression from his still earlier, prepsychoanalytic workOn Aphasia, thus effecting the best compromise he could between the constraints of his overall dream theory derived from the “Project” and his own observations on the phenom

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<321::AID-JHBS2300210403>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMax Weber's “Science as a Vocation” and “Politics as a Vocation” show that irrespective of Weber's insistence on “value‐free” sociology, he was a committed critic of his society but failed to explicate his position fully. The assumption of a sociological approach to the history of sociology is that sociology must operate with the concept of a normative society, thus reestablishing continuity with sociology's first hundred years and potentially uniting, in the face of the possibility of our planet's demise, not only sociologists but all people

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<342::AID-JHBS2300210404>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWarder Clyde Allee, (1885–1955) was a pioneer American scientist in the fields of ecology and animal behavior. His contributions to the development of a general animal sociology are discussed, with particular attention to his concept of animal cooperation and his research in the area of dominance hierarchie

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<345::AID-JHBS2300210405>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn pointing to Durkheimian precedents for structuralism, Claude Lévi‐Strauss typically indicates Marcel Mauss. Yet, although Mauss wrote much on myth, Lévi‐Strauss never cites Mauss as setting precedents for structural mythology. This seems so for at least two reasons. First, Henri Hubert, not Mauss, turns out to be the real myth specialist of Emile Durkheim's originaléquipe, thus making theéquipe's theory primarily Hubert's. Second, Hubert's theory of myth is only problematically structural. More consistent with theories at odds with structuralism, especially Maurice Leenhardt's religious phenomenology, Durkheimian mythology must be displaced if structural mythology is to distinguish

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<354::AID-JHBS2300210406>3.0.CO;2-W

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHoward S. Liddell, Professor of Psychobiology in the Department of Psychology at Cornell University, was one of the earliest American students and developers of I. P. Pavlov's theory of the conditioned reflex and an early researcher on stress. The significance of Liddell's work on stress was fully recognized when he was sent, as a member of a commission, to the battlefront at the height of the Korean War to study stress and self‐control in the soldiers. This profound experience convinced Liddell that behavioral research must ultimately be made relevant to the understanding and elevation of human behavior. He spent the remaining ten years of his life in efforts to implement this conviction through research, writing, and lectures before scientific and lay group

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<372::AID-JHBS2300210407>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relations among the early authors and works on crowd psychology have remained largely obscure. The most well‐known of these theorists, Gustave Le Bon, seems to have derived a number of his key concepts from earlier authors without properly crediting them. Specifically, Scipio Sighele, who first tried to integrate the various fragmentary analyses on crowd behavior; Gabriel Tarde, who played an intermediary role which can be reconstructed from the unpublished correspondence; and Henry Fournial, an obscure author, all contributed to Le Bon's though

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<375::AID-JHBS2300210408>3.0.CO;2-L

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractE. B. Titchener's Society of Experimentalists was founded in 1904, partly as a result of Titchener's personal conflicts with certain members of the American Psychological Association and partly out of his frustration over the structure and content of the Association's annual meeting. However, though Titchener was clearly the prime mover in organizing the experimentalists, the Society's formation reflected the more widespread dissatisfaction of a number of experimentalists over the direction being taken by the Association. Lightner Witmer, for example, attempted but failed to form a separate association for experimentalists six years prior to Titchener's successful effort.

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<383::AID-JHBS2300210409>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<390::AID-JHBS2300210410>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-5061    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6696(198510)21:4<395::AID-JHBS2300210411>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY