ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

More than 20 million people in the United States have gallstones and some 500,000 cholecystectomies are done annually. The cost to the American public is approximately 1.5 billion dollars per year. Biliary pain or “colic” is the classic presenting symptom in gallstone disease, occurring in 5 to 10 percent of symptomatic patients. Of significance is that 10 to 30 percent of symptomatic patients will present with atypical complaints, while 80 percent of people with gallstones are asymptomatic. It is crucial that a detailed history of clients' symptoms be ascertained to ensure an accurate diagnosis. New treatment modalities for cholelithiasis recently have been developed. These include oral bile salt therapy and gallstone lithotripsy. Knowledge of these options and their applications to symptomatic clients will enable health care providers to better formulate plans of education and intervention for clients with gallstone disease.

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article describes use of the Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale (BNAS) as an effective parent-teaching tool and demonstrates how this tool can be successfully integrated into a primary care setting. Research indicates that the BNAS can be used to enhance parent-infant bonding, to promote parents' confidence, and to intervene in potentially dysfunctional parent-infant interactions before poor parenting patterns become well established. Case studies exemplify how a clinician can use the BNAS to evaluate 37 newborn behaviors and 18 neurological reflexes, identifying the newborn's individual strengths, elucidating coping behaviors (as he or she strives to maintain control over the autonomic nervous system), illuminating his or her individual stress responses, and demonstrating which comforting techniques are most effective for that child. Further case studies illustrate how the tool can enable a clinician to identify the positive characteristics of a difficult baby, and emphasize the importance of noticing and responding appropriately to a baby's state of consciousness. The BNAS is an effective interactional exam because the clinician captures the parents' attention by interacting with their newborn. During this interaction the clinician assesses and describes the newborn's strengths and needs, and at the same time models effective interaction with the infant. Samples of the BNAS scoring protocol and a helpful parent-education handout are included.

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Male infertility is a poorly understood problem that often receives awkward management from health care providers. Some abnormalities of the male reproductive system that lead to infertility can be treated successfully, others cannot. Any diagnosis of infertility can create an emotional crisis for the infertile male and his partner, which requires support, understanding and counseling from clinicians. This article examines the process of evaluating reproductive function, determining patient needs, establishing a plan of care and understanding treatment options for the infertile male.

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This column is provided for announcements of conferences, committee meetings and various items of general interest to nurse practitioners. Readers are invited to submit relevant material. Inclusion will be based on general interest, date of receipt and available space. Items should be submitted as early as possible to give readers time to respond, and should be submitted no later than the first of each month prior to publication.

ISSN:0361-1817    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID