摘要:

In this paper, which is essentially an interpretative review, we develop the theory of multicomponent mass transfer using the Bird, Stewart and Lightfoot approach to binary mass transfer as a consistent basis. Methods of solving the coupled diffusion equations are discussed and procedures for estimating interphase mass transfer coefficients considered. The developed formalisms are applied to a few examples in the areas of distillation, condensation and extraction to demonstrate the importance of considering coupled diffusion effects in multicomponent transfers.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935865

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We consider constitutive relations for diffusion and simultaneous heat conduction in an n-coraponent non-ideal fluid mixture. Using the ideal gas treatment of Hirschfelder, Curtiss and Bird as a basis, we develop the generalization of the Maxwell-Stefan diffusion equations. The application of the second law of thermodynamics is shown to impose non-negativity constraints on the defined diffusion coefficients,DikThe practicalusefulness of the Generalized Maxwell-Stefan formulation is demonstrated by a few examples.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935866

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Standards suggestion, of working with reduced concentrations and flowrates, has been used to calculate the mass transfer efficiency of a tray on which vapour is swept under the downcomer because of the high liquid load. Equations are derived for a tray in the middle section of the column and are quoted for the top and bottom trays. It is shown that vapour entrainment reduces tray efficiency, but in typical high pressure hydrocarbon distillation the reduction is not very large. It is concluded that downcomers need not be designed to rigorously avoid vapour entrainment under the downcomer.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935867

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935868

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Simultaneous mass transfer of solute and solvents in a mixing cell with vibrating stirrers was investigated. The system used was methyl isobutyl ketone-acetic acid-water. The mass transfer rates in steady state were measured and proper compositions of entering streams were selected in order to eliminate the effect of interfacial turbulence. In evaluating the results, convective transport as well as driving force interactions of simultaneously diffusing components were taken into account. For higher concentrations of solute the individual elements of the matrix of diffusive transfer coefficients could be assessed.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935869

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The performance of a hollow fiber reverse osmosis system is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Experiments were carried out for applied pressure ranging from 200 to 400 psig, feed rates varying from 75 to 380 cc/sec and for feed concentrations up to 34,000 ppm of sodium chloride.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935870

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The washing of chemical pulp in a countercurrent cascade of rotary vacuum filters is described in terms of a model of the multicomponent mass transfer process occurring in the wash zone of each stage. The classical Norden Efficiency Factor method is extended to the multicomponent case. Relationships among the system loss ratios, wash and recycle ratios, and the number of stages are developed.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935871

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The sensitivity analysis approach is applied to balance calculations of complex chemical processes. While the rigorous method requires a complicated development of explicit relationships for unknown parameters, the simpler approximate method is based upon the linearization of the original implicit functions by differentiation. The latter way seems to be sufficient and proper for practical applications and therefore the algorithm was programmed. An illustrative example is outlined.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935872

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Reported here are experimental observations of self-sustained oscillations in the rate of oxidation of carbon monoxide on a platinum foil in a gradientless reactor. The results particularly show the effects of catalyst activity and illustrate some unusual and complex dynamic behavior under nearly isothermal conditions.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935873

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The theory of gas absorption accompanied by fast pseudo-fast order reaction which considered dependences of diffusivity, kinetic constant and Henry's law constant on absolute temperature and ionic strength was used to obtain values of effective interfacial areas and mass transfer coefficients in gas and liquid phase.

ISSN:0098-6445    

DOI:10.1080/00986447908935874

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1979

数据来源: Taylor