摘要:

In 100 children (150 ears) with chronic secretory otitis media the function of the Eustachian tube during treatment with grommet was investigated by air equalisation methods. Tubal function proved poor in the great majority at the beginning of the treatment, but towards its completion there was some improvement. After extrusion of the grommet, tubal function was investigated on the same material by tympanometry. 34% had normal middle-ear pressure initially, and 43% 12–18 months after closure of the perforation. There was no relation between tubal function shown by air equalisation methods and by tympanometry, and the air equalisation methods proved of less value than tympanometry in assessing the course and prognosis of secretory otitis. The pathogenetic theories -the ex vacuo and the secretory theory – are discussed in relation to the chronic tubal dysfunction found to be the most common direct cause of the dise

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275336

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind study, 228 secretory otitis media patients were evaluated according to mucolytic and decongestive treatment. No definite difference comparing with the placebo group was registered. About 50% of all patients were cured within 4 weeks after the diagnosis was established. Those patients who earlier had been treated with antibiotics because of a preceding acute otitis media had a better cure rate than the untreated group. Suggestions on treatment and control of secretory otitis media are given.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275337

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN) (stimulus speed 0–200°/sec with 1°/sec2 constant angular acceleration) were examined before and after utriculo-sacculectomy (bilateral, two-stage) in squirrel monkeys. OKN exhibited a slight decline only after bilateral otolith end organ ablations. OKAN showed a minimal decline after unilateral operation but no change after bilateral operations. Severe OKN reduction and disappearance of OKAN after bilateral labyrinthectomy in primates should basically reflect the elimination of inputs from the cristae ampullares, and not from the macu

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275338

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The phase characteristic of the vestibular system of man was determined for sinusoidal oscillation in yaw in the frequency range from 0.0025 to 0.4 Hz. Three different sets of experimental conditions were used: (1) a dark room with a fixation light; stimulus: sinusoidal rotation; (2) a dark room without a fixation light; stimulus: sinusoidal rotation + noise, and (3) a dark room without a fixation light; stimulus: sinusoidal rotation. Results: the sensation leads the velocity by about 90° at 0.005 Hz. The phase lead decreases for higher frequencies becoming nearly zero at 0.05 Hz and remaining constant in the frequency range 0.05 to 0.4 Hz. A phase lag was not found. At very low frequencies ( < 0.005 Hz), the phase lead was more than 90°. The results can be described in terms of a second-order model with time constants τ1·= 20 sec and τ2 = 0.013 sec and an adaptation term with a time constant of τa = 0.4

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275339

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Temporal bone histopathology is reported on a case of acute suppurative otitis media, acute suppurative labyrinthitis, and meningitis with death of the patient 20 days after stapes surgery. Purulent exudate invaded the vestibule by the oval window through a displaced footplate. The main pathway of infection to the meninges was extension along the branches of the vestibular nerve to the internal auditory meatus and to the subarachnoid space.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275340

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The first case of Goldenhar’s syndrome, oculo-auricular dysplasia, found in Bantu, is described. Besides the usual eye and ear manifestations a facial paresis at both sides was found. There were no signs of vertebral anomalies on X-rays. The use of a hearing aid showed that the apparent mental retardation was of a secondary nature, due to the hearing loss. The mother had not been ill in the first trimester of pregnancy and had not used any medicin

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275341

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

There is evidence from many functional studies, that lymphocytes and macrophages can cooperate during the immune response. In human nasal polyps, cell clusters were demonstrated which consisted mainly of macrophages and lymphoid cells. Within the clusters, the cells showed intimate physical contacts which were performed by microvilli of varying length suggesting cellular cooperation. These cell clusters resemble morphologically those found in vitro and in vivo in the course of immunisation processes.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275342

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of an intravenous expectorant agent, i.e. Bisolvon, on the secretory activity of the tracheal mucosa of the dog was studied with the scanning electron microscope. A marked increase in the production of tracheal secretion was observed 15 and 30 min following the injection. Both the goblet cells in the epithelium and the seromucinous glands in the tunica propria contributed to the formation of the secretion. 60 min after the injection, the submucosal glands were shrunken or empty. The rapid secretory response to the expectorant, Bisolvon, confirmed the active and important role of the tracheal mucociliary clearance mechanism for the protection of the lower respiratory tract.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275343

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The use of flexible bronchofiberscopy through endotracheal tubes is limited by the respiratory obstruction it causes in the tube. In the present investigation, airflow resistance was determined in translaryngeal and tracheostomy tubes with and without a flexible bronchofiberscope with an outer diameter of 5.4 mm. In tubes with a bore diameter exceeding 8.0 mm, the resistance increase by the bronchofiberscope was found to be so small, that endoscopy could be carried out without any precautions in most cases. In tubes with a bore diameter less than 8.0 mm, the bronchofiberscope caused high resistance to flow. Measures that reduce the risks of bronchofiberscopy at increased flow resistance are discussed.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275344

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275345

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger