摘要:

The capillary permeability of the stria vascularis in each turn of cochlea was examined at intervals of 10 and 30 min and 1 and 2 h after an injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), using light and electron microscopic techniques. Ten minutes after HRP was administered, 18 % of examined vessels showed HRP leakage. Thereafter, the level of HRP leakage increased with time. One hour after the injection, HRP had leaked from almost all vessels of the upper three turns. Tow hours after the injection, the tracer in the vessel lumen became sparse with very thin staining or nonstaining, and a large amount of HRP was observed outside the vessels. It was noted that the capillary permeability to HRP at the basal turn was different from that of the upper three turns. This seems to be the result of the different pinocytic activity in the capillaries of these two regions. When the tracer disappeared from the vessels (2 h after the HRP injection), labelled vesicles in endothelial cells were frequently visible near the outside surface, whereas very few were visible near the inner surface. It is speculated, therefore, that HRP which has leaked can be reabsorbed back into the blood circulation via a similar micropinocytosis down the concentration gradient.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276653

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Vestibular sensory cells were isolated from the utricular macula or cristae ampullares of the guinea pig by enzymatic and mechanical dissociation. The isolated cells were classified into three types: flask-shaped type I sensory cells, rod-shaped type II sensory cells and round-shaped supporting cells. The cilia of type I sensory cells in the crista ampullaris were longer than those in the corresponding cell type in the utricular macula, while no morphological differences of the cell bodies were noted between crista ampullaris and utricular macula. Isolated living vestibular cells have a motile capacity. After exposure to a hypoosmotic medium, the type I sensory cells showed tilting of the hair bundle. This change in shape may be closely related to the active mechanical transduction control.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276654

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to evaluate the nature and association of audiovestibular disturbances and systemic sclerosis (SSC), 37 unselected SSC patients were studied with a detailed audiological and vestibular examination since November, 1987. Pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, impedance audiometry, brainstem response audiometry and vestibular function using electronystagmographic recording were performed. We found a rather frequent audiovestibular involvement (41 %). A hearing loss was found in 14 SSC patients; hearing loss was sensorineural in 10 cases and mixed in 4 cases. The latter revealed a finding similar to tympanosclerosis. Four patients showed altered vestibular test values and only one of these had normal hearing. Sensorineural deafness was the more frequent pathological finding and in all cases the site of lesion was cochlear. SSC appears to be directly responsible for audiovestibular damage, since in 12 out of 15 patients with such involvement, no other apparent cause could be revealed. SSC may be included among the autoimmune diseases which may cause audiovestibular disturbances.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276655

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this report, 3 cases of deafness resulting from possibly autosomal recessive disorders affecting the brainstem with no other pathologies or health problems are presented. The common characteristics of these patients are the presence of an unknown functional lesion in the brainstem as documented by the auditory brainstem response testing. Radiological, behavioral and physiological test results are presented for the first time to support a hereditary deafness symptom that might arise from interfamily marriages.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276656

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Prompted by recent findings on the amplification of c-erbB-2 (HER-2, neu) oncogene in salivary gland tumours, the present study was conducted to analyse the expression of c-erbB-2 in both benign and malignant salivary gland tumours, with special emphasis on its prognostic significance and relevance to clinical data. A series of 219 salivary gland tumours (with pertinent clinical data), including 103 malignant and 116 benign tumours, were analysed immunohistochemically using a monoclonal antibody to c-erbB-2 protein. Smoking was not a risk factor for malignant tumours, smokers being equally represented in both groups: 18.4 and 21.6% in malignant and benign series, respectively. Multi-variate analysis of the extensive clinical data did not disclose any other risk factors either. Cellular membrane staining for c-erbB-2 was present in 36 (35.0%) carcinomas and 41 (35.3%) benign tumours. Among the malignant tumours, c-erbB-2 expression was most frequent in adenoid cystic carcinomas (57.7%) followed by adenocarcinomas (39.3%). Among the benign tumours, 47% of Warthin’s tumours and 33.3% of the pleomorphic adenomas showed staining for c-erbB-2. The highest prevalence of c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity was seen in adenocarcinomas of the parotid gland (81.8%), followed by undifferentiated carcinomas (75%) and adenoid cystic carcinomas (73.3%) in that location. Age at diagnosis, number of recurrences, analysis as well as time to relapse or metastases were similar in c-erbB-2-positive and -negative malignant tumours. Also mortality in c-erbB-2-positive and -negative salivary gland cancers was similar. The results indicate that c-erbB-2 protein expression is frequently present in both malignant and benign salivary tumours. Although weakly associated with some clinically relevant parameters, the expression of this oncoprotein seems to be of limited use as a prognostic determinant in salivary gland tumour

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276657

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The secretion of a fïbronectin-like substance in culture supernatants of cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas was observed. Culture supernatants of some tumor cells had a high cell-attachment activity. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with an antifibronectin antibody showed that the supernatant with cell attachment activity contained fibronectin. Furthermore, the cell attachment activity was clearly inhibited by the addition of a monoclonal antibody to fibronectin. These findings strongly suggest that the fibronectin produced by cancer cells is one of the potent mediators of the cell attachment

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276658

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A retrospective morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 25 benign and 5 malignant laryngeal hyperplastic lesions was performed concerning a local immune response which might be characteristic and of prognostic value for each particular group of these alterations, using Kambic’s classification, especially for precancerous and cancerous lesions. On paraffin and frozen sections, 7 monoclonal antibodies against various leukocytic antigens were used. CD43 and CD45RO T lymphocytes were the predominant cells in the infiltrates, and their frequency increased according to the degree of hyperplastic lesions. Next in frequency were CD4 cells, and a predominance of CD4 over CD8 cells was an obvious finding. The infiltration of CD68-, CD57-, and CD20-positive cells was generally weak. The intensity and composition of the local reaction in all cases of atypical hyperplasias was nearly identical, regardless of their subsequent behaviour. No apparent cytotoxic effects on the epithelial cells, either in precancerous or in cancerous lesions, were observed. Thus, the immunocompetent cells in the epithelial and stromal tissue are most likely not an effective defense in preventing hyperplastic lesions from becoming malignant. It seems that laryngeal hyperplastic lesions do not provoke an essential defense immune response, but the present local inflammatory reaction might be a constituent part of etiologically different inflammations which may lead to unfavorable lesion

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276659

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In this study the feasibility to reconstruct the anterior laryngeal wall in adult rabbits with a composite graft of demineralized bovine bone matrix and autogenous perichondrium was investigated. It is demonstrated that demineralized bovine bone, which is a porous biomaterial, is completely transformed into autologous cartilage, once it is implanted in a vascularized perichondrial pocket. It appeared to be possible to reconstruct the anterior laryngeal wall in adult rabbits with this newly formed cartilage. As the biomaterial has been transformed into autologous tissue it is entirely incorporated at the recipient site giving rise to solid connections (cartilaginous and/or fibrous) with the surrounding tissues.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276660

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 138 surgical excision specimens from 120 patients presenting clinically with epulis was classified by histopathological criteria into giant cell-, granulomatous- and fibromatous-type lesions. Clinical data suggest that local irritants are an important pathogenetic factor. Histopathological analysis revealed that epulides represented self-limiting, reactive gingival overgrowths of granulation tissue displaying common morphologic features in all three histologic types. The transition of a given histologic type of epulis into another, as observed in recurrent lesions, is consistent with the concept of a common histogenetic entity.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276661

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Primary position upbeat nystagmus has been associated predominantly with lesions of the midbrain, midline cerebellum, and lower brainstem. However, the precise localization still remains unclear. We report one case of primary position upbeat nystagmus in which magnetic resonance imaging showed probable bilateral lesions of the prepositus hypoglossi nuclei. Morphological and physiological studies have shown that this nucleus plays important roles in vertical eye movements. We conclude that the dysfunction of bilateral prepositus hypoglossi nuclei causes the upbeat nystagmus in our patient.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276662

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger