摘要:

Calmodulin (CaM) binding sites, which are available and unoccupied by CaM at the time of fixation, were analyzed in the guinea pig endolymphatic sac and stria vascularis using CaM conjugated tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate. The endolymphatic sac epithelium and stria vascularis both showed strong fluorescence. Weak CaM binding sites were seen in the endolymphatic sac in the 12-week-old human fetus. In contrast, the fluorescent reaction in the stria vascularis and endolymphatic sac in 14- and 15-week-old human fetuses was strong. These results suggest that CaM may play an important role for the maintenance of ionic stability in the endolymph.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276278

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the mammalian cochlea, motile properties of outer hair cells may contribute to sharp tuning and amplification. Length changes of isolated outer hair cells in response to various physical and chemical stimuli have therefore been investigated by many laboratories. The present study shows that alteration of temperature changes the length of outer hair cells of the guinea pig cochlea as much as 0.22 µm/°C. Thus, length changes in response to alterations of temperature are similar to length changes in response to other physical and chemical stimul

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The distribution of glycoconjugates in the endolymphatic sac (ES) and vestibular end organs from the 12th gestational day (GD) in the developing mouse to the 6th day after birth was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins: wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Abrusprecatorius agglutinin (APA), Ulexeuropaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), Ricinuscommunis agglutinin 120 (RCA 120), Helixpomatia agglutinin (HPA), concanavalin A (conA). In the 13th and 15th GD sections, the luminal contents in the fetal ES were strongly labelled with lectins, while only a small amount of substance in the ES was labelled with lectins after the 17th GD. In the 13th GD sections, before the cupula and otoconia were formed, the fetal ES started to produce glycoconjugates labelled with WGA, APA, RCA 120 and ConA. In the 17th GD sections, the immature cupula and otoconia were strongly labelled with WGA, APA and RCA 120. Sugar residues stained by lectins detected in the substance of the fetal ES were the same as those found in the immature cupula and otoconia. HPA only stained the ES epithelium around the 13th and 15th GD. The fetal ES may interact with the formation of the cupula and otoconia, especially in the early stage during evolution and that HPA-reactive glycoconjugates may be related to the intracellular elements of the ES epithelium only during a well-defined phase of development.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of ambroxol administration on phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine contents of rabbit eustachian tube and lung washings and on [14C] choline incorporation by rabbit eustachian tube and lung tissue has been studied. Despite minor differences, the drug exerts the same activating effect in both locations. The results add a further piece of evidence to the several similarities existing between the lung surfactant and the surface-active substances present on the eustachian tube.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previously, a simple method for recording galvanic nystagmus (GN) using conventional electronystagmography (ENG) was demonstrated. The present study reports on investigations made to examine the applicability of that technique. During a standard stimulus over 20 s, amplitudes and rate of saccades show no tendency to diminish. In a series of 10 repeated standard stimuli over 16 min, a parabolic relationship is observed between time on one side and on the other, the mean amplitude, the mean rate of saccades and the sum of amplitudes per stimulus duration. The threshold of GN was 1.29 mA and that of induced tilting sensation 3.64 mA. In a series of 8 repeated threshold stimuli, thresholds of GN and tilting sensation linearly increase (p < 0.001). During the slow increase of the current, the amplitudes and frequency of saccades and the slow-phase velocity linearly increase (p < 0.01). The direction of per- and poststimulatory galvanic nystagmus and tilting sensation were investigated. Several autonomic reactions and psychophysical sensations during stimulation were noted. In conclusion, it is thought that the modified ENG technique is a valid method for further clinical use and basic research and its applicability has proven to be good.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Between 1980 and 1990, 9,176 patients suffering from otoneurological disorders were investigated in our clinic. Sixty-six (0.72%) internal auditory canal or other cerebellopontine angle tumors (CPAT) were diagnosed. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), interaural time discrimination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed to be the most sensitive and efficient tests for the detection of CPAT. However, the investigation of otoneurological symptoms cannot be limited to BAEP and MRI on the a priori of a hypothetical CPAT. Electrophysiologic tests such as impedancemetry, and electronystagmographic testing are also needed to elucidate the many causes of otoneurological symptoms.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We studied the middle ear (ME) pressure in 13 atelectatic ears to evaluate the effect of politzerization or ME inflation by a catheter using both room air and a gas mixture. The gas contained 12% O2, 6% CO2 and 82% N2. Tympanometry was performed before and after the treatment. The elevated ME pressure induced by the treatments, whether with room air or the gas mixture, declined rapidly within the first 30 min. However, at 35 and 45 min after the treatment with room air, the mean decrease in pressure was significantly greater than with the gas mixture, which might be due to slow oxygen absorption through the ME mucosa.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The short-term and long-term results of stapedectomy for eliminating the conductive element and improving the hearing in patients with otosclerosis are highly satisfactory all over the world. The delayed sensorineural hearing loss which continues after successful stapedectomy may be due to the operation itself or due to the natural history of the disease. The study was conducted on 80 patients with unilateral stapedectomy with a minimal follow-up period of 1 year. We found that bone conduction values at each frequency in operated ears were stable with marked improvement at 2,000 Hz, on the other hand, the bone conduction thresholds in non-operated ears significantly deteriorated (p < 0.001). The speech discrimination score was significantly improved in the operated group (p < 0.001). An explanation for the cochlear changes in operated and non-operated ears is presented.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The H2-receptor is considered to mediate the stabilization of the membrane of mast cells by enhancing cAMP synthesis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of H2-receptor antagonists, i.e. H2-blockers, on nasal hypersensitiv-ity using a histamine nasal provocative test. A 7-day administration of cimetidine tended to lower the histamine threshold. Famotidine administered in the same way caused no significant decrease in the histamine threshold. Based on the above results, we postulate that famotidine should be preferred to cimetidine as an H2-blocker in patients with gastric and/or duodenal ulcers.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276286

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

After cloning of laryngeal carcinoma cells from tumor fragments obtained during surgery, the behavior of pure tumor cells was investigated under the inverted microscope. In tissue culture flasks, separately grown tumor cell layers and fibroblast layers were cocultured to visualize the invasion of malignant cells into healthy tissue. Using a time-lapse camera, the cells were recorded. The tumor cells often penetrated the healthy cell formation in a wedge-shaped cell formation. Near the tumor front, an elevated cell motility was found accompanied by continuous changes in the cell shape. Intercellular gaps were broader in the front line than in the more posterior parts of the tumor cell formation. The profound motility of the carcinoma cell enabled selected cells to leave the tumor cell formation completely and to migrate as single cells through healthy tissue. Eventually, some of the single tumor cells migrating through the fibroblast layer moved back to the tumor cell formation. Thus they left healthy appearing tissue behind which was earlier infiltrated by a malignant cell.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000276287

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger