ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275189

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Perilymph is considered the sole source of nutritional supply to the cochlear hair cells as well as the sole carrier for the elimination of metabolites. An increase of the perilymph turnover rate implies an improvement of the hair cell metabolism. Any drug that enhances perilymph production might be a useful agent for the treatment of acute inner ear lesions like sudden deafness, acoustic trauma and lesions following ear surgery. The influence of various pharmacological agents on the perilymph production rate is studied and their possible use for the treatment of inner ear affections is discussed. Vasodilating drugs failed to achieve significant production rises; favourable results were obtained with ergot alkaloides; most effective were plasma volume expanders and respiratory acidosis. In accordance with the assumption of different production modes (active secretion of cerebrospinal fluid; ultrafiltration of perilymph), perilymph production does not parallel with the cerebrospinal fluid in its pharmacological behaviour.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275190

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to study the effect of the thiamine derivative O, S-dicarbethoxythiamine (DCET) on kanamycin (KM) ototoxicity, electrophysiological and phase contrast microscopical studies were carried out using rabbits with electrodes permanently implanted on the round windows. The main electrophysiological findings were as follows: after the onset of reduction of cochlear microphonic amplitude, in the group receiving l00 mg/kg of KM and in the group receiving 100 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of thiamine chloride, the curves of cochlear microphonic amplitude were reduced rapidly. On the contrary, in the group receiving 100 mg/kg of KM and 20 mg/kg of DCET, the curves were reduced with a gentle slope to a lower level. There was a clear-cut difference between the curves of the two former groups and those of the latter group. The histopathological proof on the effectiveness of DCET as regards KM ototoxicity could not be obtained by phase contrast microscopy. Based on electrophysiological differences, it seems to be quite conclusive that DCET is able to prevent progression of the functional damage caused by KM ototoxicity, and that some experimental support to clinical applications regarding KM ototoxicity has been given.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275191

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Calcium concentrations in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and perilymph were determined before and after the induction of a hypocalcemic state by a simultaneous injection of thyrocalcitonin and phosphate in the chinchilla. Prior to injection, the perilymph and CSF calcium concentrations were about equal and were approximately 70% of the serum calcium concentration. 1 h after the injection of thyrocalcitonin, serum calcium levels dropped by about one fourth and remained approximately stable for 3 h, whereas perilymph and CSF calcium concentrations showed no parallel decline. These results suggest the existence of mechanisms which are responsible for the maintenance of constant level of important cations in perilymph.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275192

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

142 patients with Bell’s palsy were monitored by repeated applications of evoked EMG. Detailed and objective information as to the incidence, degree, and progression of denervation in Bell’s palsy was presented. Various degrees of denervation were found in 53 patients (37%). A very rapid ‘fulminant’ development of pronounced denervation was confirmed in 20 patients. A late but slow ‘creeping’ development of pronounced denervation was proved in three patients. The rest of the patients showed slight or moderate denervation with no further increase in

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275193

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows four isoamylases in extracts prepared from rat parotid glands. With increasing age of the animals, a general decrease of amylase activity runs parallel with changes in the isoenzyme pattern. Determinations performed in tissues from 11 operated patients revealed similar changes in human parotidglands. The results are discussed with respect to general ageing processes.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275194

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Three clinical trials are reported in which diazepam was compared with other premedications hitherto used for ENT operations under local anaesthesia. The first trial, in 60 tonsillectomy patients, compared diazepam (15 mg) with Thalamonal (a mixture of droperidol and fentanyl) 1 ml. Apart from a larger fall in blood pressure caused by Thalamonal no major differences between both premedications were found. The second trial in 66 patients undergoing nasal septum correction compared diazepam (20 mg) with a complex routine involving the use of triflupromazine, barbitone, promethazine and pethidine. This mixture caused dryness of the mouth and drowsiness more often than did diazepam, and in some cases also respiratory depression. In the third trial 125 patients undergoing endoscopy received either diazepam 15 mg or placebo. A significantly higher proportion of the patients who received diazepam were relaxed. Taking the three trials together, minor and serious complications were less frequent in patients pretreated with diazepam than in those who received premedications hitherto in use. Intramuscular diazepam alone thus offers a satisfactory alternative premedication for these procedures.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275195

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275196

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275197

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275332

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1974

数据来源: Karger