摘要:

This paper reports the results of a scanning electron microscopy study of corrosion cast preparation of the vessels in the cochlea of the rat. This method confirms the general findings about the cochlear vascularization, but also gives the opportunity to study the detailed pattern of the vascular supply of the stria vascularis in the round window area. The basal end of the stria vascularis has a remarkably different vascular anatomy compared with the other areas of the cochlea. The possible role of the vessels in the round area is discussed.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275776

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The protective effect of fosfomycin against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity was studied in rats. Sixty-four Fischer rats were injected intravenously with daily doses of 1, 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg of cisplatin with or without 300 mg/kg of fosfomycin for a varying period from 1 to 10 days. The total dose of 10 mg/kg of cisplatin was given equally in all animals. Inner ear damage appeared to be more reduced histopathologically in animals given both cisplatin and fosfomycin than in animals given cisplatin alone. Similarly, renal damage appeared to be reduced histopathologically and functionally by the combined administration of cisplatin and fosfomycin.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275777

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chicks were injected daily with streptomycin (400 or 1,200 mg/kg). Damage to the vestibular apparatus was accompanied by steadily impaired abilities of chicks to tighten their grips as evidenced by reduced torque and by slippage of their feet on the perch. As compensation, intoxicated chicks adjusted their footing with cautious, deliberate movements. They always stood erectly and stiffly on the perch; they were unable to roost. They also experienced difficulties in balancing. While symptoms were qualitatively similar at both dosages, their onset came earlier and with greater severity at 1,200 mg/kg. Control chicks steadily increased their torque and displayed normal balance during the course of the experiment.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275778

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

When findings in squirrel monkey temporal bones after streptomycin sulfate intoxication were compared with those after application of intense linear acceleration, the dislocated utricular statoconia were more frequently found around the cupula of the crista ampullaris posterior in the latter group, whereas statoconia were rather widely disseminated within three semicircular canals (cupula, ampulla, and duct) after streptomycin intoxication. This difference is most probably due to the fact that, in the linear acceleration group, normal statoconia were instantaneously dislodged in a block (or forming a large-sized mass) and thereafter moved in the gravity direction, whereas in the streptomycin group, degenerated statoconia formed smaller groups and were more freely disseminated. In the endolymphatic sac, dislocated statoconia were readily phagocytosed by the epithelium of the intermediate portion and rugous portion (and transitory portion). The incidence of phagocytosis was found more in the streptomycin group, compared to the linear acceleration group.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275779

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

For the nystagmic (after-)response in each direction it was evaluated in 618 patients whether the gain (initial velocity) and the time constant were normal, significantly low or high, thus constituting a specific ‘response pattern’. In a number of diagnostic categories, 65% of the response patterns were ‘typical’, i.e., they were found in significantly high frequency. Symmetrical response patterns were predominant. Short time constant(s) and/or low gain values in either or both directions were found in labyrinthine defects. High gain values were found in otosclerosis after footplate surgery, in multiple sclerosis, hyperventilation syndrome, posterior fossa tumour and spasmodic torticollis. In those categories, except otosclerosis and posterior fossa tumour, also significantly high values of the time constant were found, as well as in the category of patients with exposed tympanic cavity and dizziness. A significant directional preponderance indicating the defective side was found for the low-frequency gain (i.e., the product of initial velocity and time constant) in 48% of the patients with unilateral canal paralysis. It is concluded that the velocity-step test is a powerful diagnostic tool in vestibular exam

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275780

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A double-blind controlled trial on the use of oral carbamazepine in the treatment of tinnitus is reported. The effects of carbamazepine and intravenous lidocaine on tinnitus were compared. Carbamazepine had less effect than the placebo.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275781

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

For better understanding the nasal defense mechanism against infection, an experiment on bacterial inhalation was performed using rats with and without artificial nasal obstructions. Local antibodies in the nasal cavity may exert a wide defensive influence on inhaled pathogens. Their production can be affected by nasal obstruction.

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275782

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An open reduction of nasal fractures in children is more burdensome for the patient, and for the department, than a closed reduction. We therefore made a follow-up examination of 79 patients, undergoing closed reduction of nasal fractures during the period from 1966 through 1975. Mean observation time was 11 years. A control group of 82 subjects was similarly examined. Among the patients, 52% had deformities of the external nose, compared with 22% in the control group – only 7 (9%) of the patients had severe deformities. Septal deviation occurred in 38% of the patients and 40% of the controls. A total of 6 patients in the fracture group were admitted for reoperation; none were readmitted from the control group. We conclude that the results of closed reduction are satisfactory, and that the results of larger, controlled studies must be awaited before the present treatment method is change

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275783

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 33-year-old woman with documented hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and preservatives, causing bronchial asthma and rhinitis when ingested, was investigated because of ‘allergy to nose drops’. It was found that she had a serious local reaction caused by the preservative used in the nose drops prescribed. This reaction might occur more commonly than realized, since sensitivity towards ASA is fairly common in the general populat

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275784

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0301-1569    

DOI:10.1159/000275785

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger