ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clopenthixol decanoate and flupenthixol palmitate, both depot neuroleptics belonging to the thioxanthene group, were studied during double‐blind conditions for 12 months using four week intervals between injections. The 60 patients included in the study were chronic schizophrenics and treated as outpatients after earlier admission to hospital and rehabilitation training periods. They had all been treated with depot neuroleptics in the last three years and they had been free from relapse for at least 15 months. The main aim with this trial was to study the two depot drugs during maintenance treatment conditions in an outpatient setting.Ten patients dropped out, 7 because of unsatisfactory effect, mainly because only limited dose levels were accepted according to the design. In spite of the earlier long lasting neuroleptic treatment and the good social adaptation in this schizophrenic subgroup there was observed a symptom decrease in all the rating scales even in these symptom poor patients. This improvement in psychopathology with optimal results after half a year seems to be a combined result of the efficient neuroleptics tested and careful monitoring of the dru

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eleven factors were obtained by factor analysing the CPRS results from a longitudinal treatment process study in chronic schizophrenics during maintenance phase. Such factors may give more reliable information than the single item. Two factors ‐ “anxiety‐depression‐asthenia” and “psychotic” (psychotic schizophrenic symptoms and signs) ‐ nonpsychotic rating of anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as definite psychotic‐schizophrenic symptoms, respectively ‐ demonstrated special value for the clinical work, i.e. being relevant instrument for monitoring

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serum concentrations of clopenthixol and flupenthixol have been determined during a four weeks dosage interval in patients trelated with intramuscular injections of clopenthixol decanoate or flupenthixol palmitate in Viscoleo®. Maximal drug levels were attained by the end of the first week after injection of either preparation. A period of exponential decline was then recorded. The half‐lives were estimated to 19 days for clopenthixol and 17 days for flupenthixol. These half‐lives most likely refer to the rate of release from the oil depot and not to elimination of drug. The mean ratio between maximal and minimal drug levels was 2.5 for clopenthixol and 3.7 for flupenthixol. Systemic clearance was estimated to about 0.7/min and 0.5/min, respectively.Significant correlation was found between the administered doses and recorded serum levels, between doses and estimated areas under the serum concentration curves, and also between areas and drug levels. The data indicate more limited individual variability than that seen with other psychotropic drugs, given orally.The study clearly demonstrates, that significant serum levels of active drug is maintained throughout the dosage interval by intramuscular injection of clopenthixol decanoate or flupenthixol palmitate in VisColed® every fourth

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two pharmacokinetic parameters viz. the minimum serum concentration in the dosage interval and the area under the serum concentration curve have been correlated to 14 parameters for clinical outcome, viz. total points and factor points from the three rating scales, BPRS, CPRS, and side effects scale, in a double blind clinical trial of clopenthixol and flupenthixol depot preparations in outpatient schizophrenics.No statistically significant correlations were observed. It is of some interest, however, that the results suggest that the treatment of individual patients with neuroleptics may be adjusted by means of repeated ratings, residual percentage, changes in psychopathology, and determinations of serum concentrations.Our results do not indicate any optimal concentration range for these depot neuroleptics in the maintenance phase of schizophrenia. The so‐called therapeutic window as to neuroleptics obviously varies with regard to the phase of the disease as well as the patients' social situatio

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two depot neuroleptics (flupenthixol palmitate and clopemthixol de canoate) used for at least 15 months were withdrawn in 32 schizephrenic outpatients belonging to the most symptom‐free and social cohort of a total patient population. They all had only slight schizophrenic symptoms, were well adapted in the community, and had been free from relapse for at least 2 years before the study. They were assessed by means of rating scales every month during the first six months and then after 9 and 12 months.After the one‐year trial 26 patients had relapsed. Moreover, after the control period further 4 out of 6 patients relapsed during the following drug‐free year. These results indicate the necessity of a long follow‐up period after withdrawal of depot neuroleptics. Moreover, the results suggest that periodical drug‐free periods of about 3 months are appropriate in symptom‐poor patients during long‐term treatment with long‐acting anti

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The clinical properties of clopenthixol decaonate has been investigated versus perphenazine enanthate in a double‐blind clinical multicentre trial including 14 psychiatric hospitals in Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmar

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A fluorimetric method is presented for the simultaneous and specific assay in serum of clopenthixol decanoate, clopenthixol and a clopenthixol metabolite, deprived of the ethanol group in the side chain. The sepration is achieved by extractions and thin layer chromatography and fluorescence brought about by treatment with sulphuric acid. The limit of detection in 3 ml serum samples is about 2 ng/ml for clopenthixol and metabolite, and somewhat higher for the ester.In addition serum data are presented for patients treated with intramuscular injections of 100‐600 mg clopenthixol decanoate in Viscoleor̀ every second week. Relatively stable (maan max./min. ratio about 2; maximum after 3‐7 days) clopenthixol levels were recorded through‐out the dosage interval. Somewhat lower meabolite levels were found. There was no evidence for the presence of clopenthixol dec

ISSN:0001-690X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY